Peltigera-horizontalis_17

Description:

Peltigera horizontalis (Huds.) Baumg., syn.: Omphalia pseudoandrosacea (Bull.) J. Kickx f., Peltigera zopfii GyelnikFamily: PeltigeraceaeEN: Horizontal felt lichen, Horizontal Dog Lichen, DE: Waagrechte Blattflechte, Flachfrchtige Schildflechte SI: ravnodiskni pasji liajDat.: April 13. 2019Lat.: 46.359795 Long.: 13.709177Code: Bot_1180/2019_DSC4709 Picture file names: from Peltigera-horizontalis_raw_10 to Peltigera-horizontalis_raw_16.Habitat: Riparian forest, left bank of river Soa, flat terrain; moist ground and humid air, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; calcareous ground; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevations 535 m (1755 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: Mossy, heavily rotten stump of (most probably) Picea abies.Place: Lower Trenta valley, left bank of river Soa, near farmhouse Otokar, Trenta 4, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Lichens in genus Peltigera are often very beautiful. They have large foliose thalli with deep colors when moist. Sometimes they form very large patches on ground, rocks or wood, which may have more than 50 cm across. Particularly the green ones are very conspicuous. There are 15 species of this genus known in Slovenia (Ref.6). When thali are not well developed, or sterile, without apothecia, or dry their determination to species level may not be an easy task.Peltigera horizontalis is relatively rare lichen in Slovenia. Horizontal, roundish apothecia is the dominant distinguishing trait. However, white underside, interwoven with almost black mesh of veins and distinctive fasciculate (in tight bundles of fibers, particularly toward their ends) rhizines are also important in determination. The species is a good indicator of old forests.Ref.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil. 2., Ulmer (1995), p 681.(2) www.waysofenlichenment.net/lichens/Peltigera%20horizontalis (accessed April 14. 2019)(3) www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Peltigera_horizontalis.html (accessed April 14. 2019)(4) Brodo, Sharnoff, Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press, p 520(5) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society (2009), p 669.(6) members.chello.at/johannes.pruegger/uni/slovenia/ (accessed April 14. 2019)