Cortinarius-allutus_7

Description:

Cortinarius allutus Fr. ss. Moser non J. Lange, syn.: Phlegmacium allutum (Fr.) M.M. Moser, Cortinarius melliolens Schffer ex Orton, Cortinarius multiformis ss. CFP, RickenDE: Bereifter Schleimkopf Slo.: poprhnjena koprenkaDat.: Oct. 6. 2017Lat.: 46.36139 Long.: 13.69922Code: Bot_1093/2017_DSC9358Habitat: Mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica dominant, Picea abies scattered; slightly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; calcareous, colluvial, shallow ground; relatively warm and dry place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-9 deg C, elevation 670 m (2.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: forest soil, leaf litter.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; near the trail to settlement Na skalah, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Genus Cortinarius is huge - more than 1.000 species, subspecies, var. and f. have been described. No wonder, there is confusion in their names. Index Fungorum recognizes Cortinarius allutus as a current name, while other authorities consider it as a synonym of Cortinarius multiformis (this too is a current name according to IF). Recent (2014) DNA phylogenetic studies (Ref.8) revealed that much more complex situation exists in the group of species similar to this find. Ref.8 considers now the name Cortinarius allutus as a misapplied name. Anyway, I will keep with Index Fungorum and use the name Cortinarius allutus. Macroscopic traits and spores fit well to the most of the descriptions found in literature. There grew 6 or 7 pilei in an area of about 3 x 3 m. Habitat was montane Fagus sylvatica forest with a few Picea abies intermixed. In a distance of 0.3 - 3 m from the pilei two young, about 1-1.5 m tall and in a distance of about 5 m a grown up Picea abies three were present. Cortinarius allutus is supposed to be in mycorrhizal relation to conifers. Fruitbody description: pilei diameter 6 - 9 cm, trama thin near the edge of pilei, in the midrange about 8 mm thick, gills up to 10 mm broad, hut dry (after a several days long dry period); however, leaves and other debris were firmly 'glued' to the hut surface (ixocutis); stipe 4.2 - 6.5 cm long and 8 - 20 mm in diameter; when old stipe partly hollow; quite abruptly bulbous (with a few fruitbodies almost marginate); bulb from 1.6 to 1.9 times the diameter of the stipe; smell mild, pleasant, mushroomy, on leather?; taste not tested; 5% KOH reactions: on trama yellow-brown, not violent; on hut brownish, deepens the color of the hut; trama in the bulb brownish; on gills dark brown, almost blackish; Lugol reactions: on trama instant gold-yellowish, on pilei slightly yellowish, almost none; pilei do not bruise when handled except gills - they darken slightly; SP abundant, almost the same color as the whole fruitbodies, buff-fox color, oac714.Spores minutely and uniformly warty. Dimensions: (7.8) 8 - 8.8 (9.1) x (4.5) 4.7 - 5 (5.2) microns; Q = (1.6) 1.7 - 1.8 (1.9); N = 35; Me = 8.5 x 4.8 microns; Qe = 1.8. Olympus CH20 , NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R.M.Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 726. (2) www.fichasmicologicas.com/?micos=1&alf=C&art=556 (accessed Oct.8. 2017) www2.muse.it/bresadola/gallery.asp?code=87 (accessed Oct.8. 2017)(3) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 182. (4)www.nahuby.sk/obrazok_detail.php?obrazok_id=512681&po... (accessed Oct.8. 2017) (5) www.123pilze.de/DreamHC/Download/OrangeseidigerKlumpfuss.htm (accessed Oct.8. 2017) (6) www.pilzflora-ehingen.de/pilzflora/arthtml/callutus.html (accessed Oct.8. 2017) (7) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.5. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 164. (8) T. E. Brandrud et all. Cortinarius subgenus Phlegmacium section Multiformes in Europe, (2014) Journal des J.E.C., No. 16, p.162199. available at karl.soop.org/JEC16B_multif.pdf