Cladonia fimbriata (L.) Fr., syn: Cladonia major (K.G. Hagen) Sandst., Cladonia minor f. simplex (Weiss) M. Choisy, Cladonia pyxidata var. fimbriata (L.) Leight., Scyphophorus fimbriatus (L.) GrayFamily: CladoniaceaeEN: Powdered Trumpet Lichen, Trumpet Lichen, DE: TrompetenflechteSlo.: lepi jelenovecDat.: May 8. 2021Lat.: 46.35968 Long.: 13.70494Code: Bot_ 1366/2021_DSC2709Habitat: next to a mountain path, grassland with stony walls and scattered trees; former pasture, locally flat terrain, calcareous ground, partly sunny; partly protected from direct rain by a tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 550 m (1.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten deciduous tree stump in its final disintegration stage, tree species undetermined; possibly Juglans regia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; near the abandoned farmhouse Skokar, Trenta 2, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments (pertain to Flick album: 'Cladonia fimbriata - II'): Cladonia fimbriata is a common and widespread lichen. It belongs to 'Cladonia pyxidata' group of lichens having trumpet like podetia when not sterile. There are several members of this group not always easy to be determined to species level. They usually have very similar, small ground (primary) squamules. The size, shape, surface of podetia and color of eventually present apothecia or pycnidia are important distinguishing field characters, chemical tests help a lot in confirmation of determinations. Cladonia fimbriata has slender, stout podetia, with relatively shallow cups (abruptly joined to long stalks in mature podetia) with mostly even margins except when fertile having apothecia or pycnidia (in the form of small brown dots - see Fig. 14). Their surface is allover covered by very small, farinose soredia and sometimes with relatively few, if any, small secondary squamules. (1) V. Wirth, R.Duell, Farbatlas Flechten und Moose, Ulmer (2000), p57. (2) I.Brodo, S.Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p254. (3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 358.(4) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 327.(5) B. Marbach, C. Kainz, Moose, Farne und Flechten, BLV (2002). p 86.
Summary[
edit] Description: English: A lichen - Cladonia uncialis subsp. biuncialis. This species was photographed as part of a quick examination of the mat-forming species of Cladonia in a small area of moorland; see the main item:
1060979. This is a spiky-looking species; the stems (podetia) are hollow, and rather thin-walled. "When dry it is very brittle and easily breaks up into small tubes looking like pieces of macaroni" [Frank S. Dobson, "Lichens - An Illustrated Guide to the British and Irish Species"] (I found this to be true after I'd taken some small fragments home for testing). As for its habitat, the same work notes that this species is "common on open, acid heathlands, especially peat bogs, even in waterlogged areas". This area of moorland is indeed an acid heathland habitat, characterised by bogs, and by such plant life as heather (cross-leaved heath and ling), common cotton-grass, bog asphodel, and round-leaved sundew; heath-spotted orchids are present in abundance during the summer months. The immediate area where these lichens were found was fairly waterlogged; I had to step over and around small pools to get at some of them. As for the specimens of Cladonia uncialis occurring in this area, they are larger, with much wider stems, than other mat-forming Cladonia species found nearby. Many patches (though not the one in this photograph) seemed to have been grazed, although it is possible that their stems had simply been broken off while dry and brittle (see above). The photograph shows another characteristic of the species, its open axils; in other words, in places where the stem divides into branches, there is often a hole in the angle between the branches. [Some works describe this subspecies as "strictly dichotomous" (meaning that it always divides into two branches at each division); however, it is more or less dichotomous, but is not strictly so.]. Date: 26 November 2008. Source: From
geograph.org.uk. Author:
Lairich Rig. Attribution(
required by the license)Lairich Rig / A lichen - Cladonia uncialis subsp. biuncialis /
CC BY-SA 2.0. Lairich Rig / A lichen - Cladonia uncialis subsp. biuncialis. Camera location
55° 58′ 18.6″ N, 4° 35′ 54″ W View all coordinates using:
OpenStreetMap 55.971840; -4.598300. Object location
55° 58′ 18.6″ N, 4° 35′ 54″ W View all coordinates using:
OpenStreetMap 55.971840; -4.598300.
Cladonia fimbriata (L.) Fr., syn: Cladonia major (K.G. Hagen) Sandst., Cladonia minor f. simplex (Weiss) M. Choisy, Cladonia pyxidata var. fimbriata (L.) Leight., Scyphophorus fimbriatus (L.) GrayFamily: CladoniaceaeEN: Powdered Trumpet Lichen, Trumpet Lichen, DE: TrompetenflechteSlo.: lepi jelenovecDat.: May 8. 2021Lat.: 46.35968 Long.: 13.70494Code: Bot_ 1366/2021_DSC2709Habitat: next to a mountain path, grassland with stony walls and scattered trees; former pasture, locally flat terrain, calcareous ground, partly sunny; partly protected from direct rain by a tree canopy, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 550 m (1.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten deciduous tree stump in its final disintegration stage, tree species undetermined; possibly Juglans regia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; near the abandoned farmhouse Skokar, Trenta 2, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments (pertain to Flick album: 'Cladonia fimbriata - II'): Cladonia fimbriata is a common and widespread lichen. It belongs to 'Cladonia pyxidata' group of lichens having trumpet like podetia when not sterile. There are several members of this group not always easy to be determined to species level. They usually have very similar, small ground (primary) squamules. The size, shape, surface of podetia and color of eventually present apothecia or pycnidia are important distinguishing field characters, chemical tests help a lot in confirmation of determinations. Cladonia fimbriata has slender, stout podetia, with relatively shallow cups (abruptly joined to long stalks in mature podetia) with mostly even margins except when fertile having apothecia or pycnidia (in the form of small brown dots - see Fig. 14). Their surface is allover covered by very small, farinose soredia and sometimes with relatively few, if any, small secondary squamules. (1) V. Wirth, R.Duell, Farbatlas Flechten und Moose, Ulmer (2000), p57. (2) I.Brodo, S.Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p254. (3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 358.(4) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 327.(5) B. Marbach, C. Kainz, Moose, Farne und Flechten, BLV (2002). p 86.