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Pellaea andromedaefolia
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Habitat: Riparian forest; Salix eleagnos, Picea abies, a few Pinus sp. dominant trees; on ground level Mercurialis perennis, Rubus saxatilis, Urtica dioica, Hepatica nobilis, Galeobdolon flavidum, Plantanthera bifolia, Cephalanthera rubra, Listera ovata; young alluvial, flat terrain; in shade, moist place, high air humidity; elevation 525 m (1.700 feet); average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comment: Botrychium virginianum is a widely distributed fern. It is most common in North America and much rarer in Europe and Asia, where it appears only in scattered, small disjunct regions. In the Alps it is present only in their eastern part. In Slovenia it is a rare plant. Its taxonomy is still 'under construction'. Some experts distinguish two taxa: Botrychium virginianum var. virginianum growing in America and Botrychium virginianum var. (or ssp.) europaeum growing in Europe. Based on DNA research some claim it is a monophyletic species belonging to separate genus Botrypus. Actually it differs from other members of the genus Botrychium in several traits including number of chromosomes. Be it as it may, the plant is very old (more than 100 million years), existing even before other ferns had develop their spore producing organs (sporangia that are usually clustered to form sori) on the underside of their leaves (sporophyll fronds). Botrychium virginianum has its sporangia on separate vertical 'leaf', which is much different than its sterile leaf. Spores are distributed by the wind, so no insects are needed for proliferation. Hence the plant is green, displaying no vivid colors to attract them and us. Hence it is hard to find. Nevertheless, it is always a happy experience to come across this plant, partly because it is rare and partly because it usually grows in dark, secluded, mysterious thickets on rarely accessed places. Eight plants have been found this time, two of them were sterile. Protected according to: Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah, poglavje A, Uradni list RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protected wild plants, chapter A, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, no. 46/2004), (2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'R' representing a rare species. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 233. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 88. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 64. (4) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 48. (5)https://www.infoflora.ch/assets/content/documents/merkblaetter_artenschutz_de/botr_virg_d.pdf
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Slo.: krhka priscanica
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Slo.: brinolistni lisijak - Family: Lycopodiaceae (Clubmoss Family) - Habitat: Fagus sylvatica woods with scattered Picea abies; almost flat terrain; calcareous, colluvial, skeletal ground; in shade, rather cool and humid place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 950 m (3.100 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comment: Lycopodium annotinum is a broadly distributed, circumpolar plant, however, protected in Slovenia. It is a species loving cold climate. It can be found also north of tree line in arctic America. In spite of its English name it is not a moss but a fern. Its long, stalk less spore bearing parts are like elongated cones. Spore clusters are situated in axils of yellowish to greenish (when fresh), slender-pointed bracts, tightly clustered in cone. The cones on these pictures have already discharged their spore clusters. Only widely open, dry, brownish bracts are visible. Protected according to: Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah, poglavje A, Uradni list RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protected wild plants, chapter A, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, no. 46/2004), (2004). Ref.: (1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 48. (2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 226. (3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 85.
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Adiantum pedatum
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Slo.: bodea podlesnica - syn: Polystichum lobatum (Huds.) Chevall. - Habitat: riparian mixed forest, Salix eleagnos, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; moderately steep mountain slope, northwest aspect; calcareous, ground; in shade, high air humidity; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; elevation 560 m (1.850 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil. Comment: Polystichum aculeatum is mainly a montane fern and quite common in the Upper Soa river region. It grows in the whole Alpine belt and almost in all other European mountains. The plant is tolerant regarding nutrients and chemical properties of the soil. It only moderately prefers calcareous ground and humid environment. Its winter resistant, shiny leaves can be easily found during winter months. Characteristic trait are large and abundant brown scales on its stems, particularly at their base Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 241. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 101. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 92. (4) B. Marbach, C.Kainz, Moose, Farne und Flechten, BLV (2002), p 24.
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Dozens of plants were present, growing in open soil covered by a layer of pumice.
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