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University of Tartu Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences lichen team.
Wikimedia Commons
Leptogium teretiusculum. Distribution in Estonia 2011.
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Summary[
edit] Description: Polski: Lathagrium auriforme (location: slovakia, Słowacki Raj, Zejmarská roklina) - na pionowej wapiennej ścianie stale zwilżanej wodą wodospadu, w dość zacienionym miejscu. Date: 8 August 2017, 23:50:43. Source: Own work. Author:
Jerzy Opioła.
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Einar Timdal. University of Oslo, Natural History Museum. Einar Timdal. Year: 2016. Contact: einar.timdal@nhm.uio.no.
Barcode of Life Data Systems
Thallus. Catalog no.: O-DFL-3781. Specimen ID: 6889193. Taxon rep.: Psoroma. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.499.
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Einar Timdal. University of Oslo, Natural History Museum. Einar Timdal. Year: 2016. Contact: einar.timdal@nhm.uio.no.
Barcode of Life Data Systems
Thallus. Catalog no.: O-DFL-3950. Specimen ID: 6889077. Taxon rep.: Fuscopannaria ahlneri. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.499.
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Trude Magnussen. Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway. Trude Magnussen. Year: 2015. Contact: trude.magnussen@nhm.uio.no.
Barcode of Life Data Systems
Thallus. Catalog no.: O-DFL-1716. Specimen ID: 6109109. Taxon rep.: Collema subnigrescens. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.499.
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Thallus. Catalog no.: O-DFL-5522. Specimen ID: 7195700. Taxon rep.: Polychidium. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.333.
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Thallus. Catalog no.: O-DFL-5458. Specimen ID: 7195636. Taxon rep.: Placynthium garovaglioi. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.499.
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Einar Timdal. Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway. Einar Timdal. Year: 2013. Contact: einar.timdal@nhm.uio.no.
Barcode of Life Data Systems
Thallus. Catalog no.: O-L-184538. Specimen ID: 3894028. Taxon rep.: Psoroma tenue. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.506.
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Dorsal..
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Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
NMNH Botany in DwCA
Kashiwadani, H. 13273, US National Herbarium Barcode 01145569
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Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
NMNH Botany in DwCA
Rapp, S. 4847 and 1866, US National Herbarium Sheet , Barcode 01144352
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Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
NMNH Botany in DwCA
Trelease, W. s.n., US National Herbarium Sheet , Barcode 01143112
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Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
NMNH Botany in DwCA
Trelease, W. s.n., US National Herbarium Sheet , Barcode 01142908
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scale in mm
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Slo.: ? - syn.: Collema cristatum (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., Collema multifidum (Scop.) Rabenh - Habitat: steep mountain slope, south-southeast aspect, calcareous ground, open place, full sun, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-6 deg C, elevations 790 m (2.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: calcareous rock in a vertical, stony, manmade road scarp.Comment: Abundant large, reddish-brown, up to 5 mm in diameter apothecia, only sparsely present isidia (see picture 2 lower right) and typical substratum support the determination Lathagrium cristatum. Pictures were taken after a prolonged rainy period. Hence the thallus is waterlogged. Characteristically, the lobes of Lathagrium cristatum do not swale much as with most of other Collema species. The largest thallus had 18 cm in diameter.No chemical tests and microscopy have been done; therefore the determination remains to some extent questionable.Ref.:(1) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 351.(2) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 355.(3) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 152.(4) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 284.(5) http://www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Collema_cristatum.html(6) http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/Collema/BBBB4229
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Compilation of multiple photos taken at different points in time; taken both in field and in lab.
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Slo.: no name - syn.: Collema cheileum (Ach.) Ach. - Habitat: light wood, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Juglans regia, Corylus avellana dominant; slightly inclined mountain slope, east-southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal ground; mostly in shade, relatively warm place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 590 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: mostly vertical surface of calcareous rocks of a stony fence along the path; sometimes associated with mosses.Comments: This find seems to fit well to the traits of (former) Collema crispum as described in Ref. 1 and 2. Morphological traits as well as substratum seem to be right. Also the picture published in Wirt (1995) (Ref.1), which is also cited as relevant in Smith et al. (2009) (Ref.2) shows great similarity with this find. The same seems to be true for the pictures published in Ref.5. The only objection may be, that in this find there are only a few flattened isidia seen. Apparently most of them are still young and hence +/- globose. Collema crispum doesn't seem to be a valid name any more. Recent molecular studies have changed taxonomy of jelly fungi (Collemataceae) drastically. The main morphological distinguishing trait between the largest and commonest genera Collema and Leptogium, that is thallus cortex character, is clearly proven not to be monophyletic. Phylogenetic molecular study (Otlora et al. 2013) (Ref.6) has been done (based on the best unconstrained trees), which resulted in some clades, for which there was no morphology supporting such a classification. In 2014 in order to reconcile morphology and molecular data, a new classification for Collemataceae was proposed (Ref.3). Based on slightly constrained topology ten clades were proposed. All of them can be characterized using a combination of traits as habitat preference, thallus habit, ascospore characteristics, thallus anatomical structure, and cortex.Now, following Index Fungorum the name Collema crispum (Hudson) Weber ex Wigg. is a synonym. Corresponding current name is Blennothallia crispa (Huds.) Otlora, P.M. Jrg. & Wedin, Fungal Diversity 64: 282 (2014). According to the key published in Otlora et al. (2014) (Ref.3) genus Blennothallia should have thallus with partially paraplectenchymatous medulla (a fungal tissue consisting of more or less isodiametric, rounded to angular cells) and Nostoc photobiont in short chains with less than 3 cells. Both traits clearly do not correspond to my find. According to the key the observed non-paraplectenchymatous medulla and very long Nostoc chains speak in favor of (new) Collema or (new) Lathagrium genus. But Collema is now mainly a corticolous genus and my find is strictly saxicolous. Also in the list of species C. crispum doesn't exist. Similarly in the (new) genus Lathagrium the name L. crispum does not exist. Also, for (new) genus Lathagrium very frequent apothecia are characteristic. But I haven't found a single one on more than ten specimens carefully checked. Thus I don't know how to properly name this find (even not to genus level). I will stay with old Collema crispum although it is possible that this find is not that or that I missed something in this complex naming issue? Any help or idea is very much welcome. Thallus loosely attached to the rock by scattered whitish hapters; photographed in wet state after rainy days; isidiate; blackish-brown and fragile when dry. Thallus up to 20 x 5 cm large but usually much smaller; many (>20) specimens present all along the stony fence. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 354.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 349.(3) Otlora, M., Jrgensen, P., Wedin, M. (2014) A revised generic classification of the jelly lichens, Collemataceae, Fungal diversity, 64:: 275-293 available at: http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:693928/FULLTEXT03 (4) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 151.(5) http://nhm2.uio.no/botanisk/cgi-bin/lav_foto.pl?gen=Blennothallia&sp=crispa zelo podobne slike(6) Otlora MAG, Aragn G, Martnez I, Wedin M (2013) Cardinal characters on a slippery slope - a reevaluation of phylogeny, character evolution, and evolutionary rates in the jelly lichens (Collemataceae s. str). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68:185-198 (available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:677720/FULLTEXT01.pdf)
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Slo.name: ? Habitat: Rock in midst of grassland below scree slopes, fully exposed to sun and precipitations, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, altitude 630 m (2.100 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: nearly horizontal, bare surface of a calcareous rock. Determination not sure.
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Compilation of multiple photos taken at different points in time; taken both in field and in lab.
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Slo.: ? - syn.: Collema auriculatum Hoffm., Collema auriforme (With.) Coppins & J.R. Laundon, Parmelia auriculata (Hoffm.) Ach., Eucollema auriculatum (Hoffm.) Horw. - Habitat: steep mountain slope, southeast aspect, calcareous ground, open place, full sun, moist place (occasionally rain water seeping over the rock), exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-7 deg C, elevations 675 m (2.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: inclined, hard, bare, calcareous bedrock, locally covered by some mosses.Comment: Conspicuous, crowded, bead-like, globose isidia; swollen (particularly at their margins), small, ear-like, upright turned lobes; complete absence of apothecia (several large, mature specimens studied) and substratum speak in favor to Lathagrium auriforme (Index Fungorum, 2014) (= Collema auriforme MycoBank). Pictures were taken after a prolonged period of rainy weather and the lichens were soaked with water. This probably explains relatively bright green color of the lobes at the margin of the thallus. Normally their color is described as 'dark-olive, black-brown, blackish' (Ref.1) or 'dark olive-green, brownish-black, blue-gray' (Ref.2) or 'dark green-brown' (Ref.5) or even black. Circular, dying away in center when old, habitus of the photographed lichen seems to be closer to Collema cristatum with thallus similar to Lathagrium auriforme. However, this species usually has abundant apothecia and isidia are much less frequent or sometimes even missing. Regarding substratum Wirt in both references (Ref.1 and 3) claims for Collema auriforme '...on mosses over calcareous rock...' and only rarely over bare rock, while other sources prefer bare calcareous rock on the first place.No chemical tests and microscopy were done. Hence the determination is not completely sure. Measuring spore dimensions could theoretically distinguish between both these species. However, there were no apothecia found in this find.Ref.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 352.(2) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 348.(3) V. Wirth, R. Duell, Farbatlas Flechten und Moose, Ulmer, (2000), p 106.(4) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S. Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 284.(5) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca. LTD (2005), p 150.(6) http://www.mycobank.org/name/Collema%20auriforme&Lang=Eng (7) http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=805682(8) http://www.gbif.org/species/5260617 (English vernacular name)
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Habitat: Bottom of an alpine valley, on loose rocks fence about 1 m (3 feet) above ground, full light, nearly full sun, partly protected from direct rain, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 820 m (2.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: calcareous rock, vertical positioned. Comment: Determination not certain. No microscopic verificatioon done. Ref.: F. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmond Publ. (2005), p 155. V.Wirth, Die Flechen Baden-Wuerttembergs, Ulmer (1995), Vol. 1, p 361. I.Brodo, S.Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p286. V.Wirth, R.Duell, Farbatlas Flechten ind Moose, Ulmer (2000), p108.