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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fr.Wolf's Milk, Groening's Slime, DE: BlutmilchpilzSlo.: razbarvana grahovkaDat.: Nov. 9. 2017Lat.: 46.36014 Long.: 13.70435Code: Bot_1096/2017_DSC9621Picture file names: from Lycogala-epidendrum_raw_20 to Lycogala-epidendrum_raw_24.Habitat: mountain pasture; slightly inclined terrain, southeast aspect; colluvial/glacial, calcareous ground; full sun, dry place; elevation 575 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: a pile of partly rotten stump of Picea abies, mostly still in bark.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; near Trenta 2 farm house, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Average diameter of seven aethalia found was somewhat small (AVG = 4.5 mm, SD = 0.6 mm) compared to data from literature (the smallest had only 2.2 mm in diameter); however all other macroscopic traits fit well to Lycogala epidendrum species descriptions. Microscopically spore dimensions, their shape and reticulated surface, all fit to this species. Also pseudocapillitium diameter, its surface with conspicuous transverse faults and its club shaped free ends fit well. Spore mass grayish with pink tint. Spores reticulated, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: (6,7) 7 - 7,5 (7,9) x (6,5) 6,8 - 7,3 (7,5) microns; Q = 1 - 1,06 (1,1); N = 35; Me = 7,3 x 7,1 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (pseudocapillitium), NEA 10x/0.25, magnification 100x (pseudocapillitium); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 91. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 135. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321; Vol.2. p 75. (4) S. Behri, Raznolikost Pravih Sluzavk (Myxomycetes) v okolici Mengea, (in Slovene) (True Slime Molds (Myxomicetes) Diversity in Vicinity of Menge) (in Slovene), Graduation Thesis, University Studies, University in Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Biology department (2015), p 74. Baumann - H. Marx, Die Myxomyceten Deutschlands und des angrenzenden Alpenraumes unter besonderen Bercksichtigung sterreichs, Vol.1., Karlheinz Baumann Verlag, (1993, 1995, 2000), p 135.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fr.Wolf's Milk, Groening's Slime, DE: BlutmilchpilzSlo.: razbarvana grahovkaDat.: Apr. 21. 2013Lat.: 46.33573 Long.: 13.56734Code: Bot_705/2013_IMG3014Habitat: Light, mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland with some Picea abies, moderately steep, south-west oriented hill side, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, mostly in shade, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.575 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead trunk of deciduous tree lying on ground and in its final phase of disintegration.Place: Bovec basin, southwest slope of the hill Rabeljnik, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Lycogala epidendrum is one of the most common and most easy to spot Myxomicete in the upper Soa river region. Immature aethalia are vividly orange and distinctly pop out from surrounding decaying wood. Contrary to this gray-brown mature aethalia blend well with the surrounding and require some effort to be found. Ref.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 91.(2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 135(3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321; Vol.2. p 75.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fr.Wolf's Milk, Groening's Slime, DE: BlutmilchpilzSlo.: razbarvana grahovkaDat.: Nov. 9. 2017Lat.: 46.36014 Long.: 13.70435Code: Bot_1096/2017_DSC9621Picture file names: from Lycogala-epidendrum_raw_20 to Lycogala-epidendrum_raw_24.Habitat: mountain pasture; slightly inclined terrain, southeast aspect; colluvial/glacial, calcareous ground; full sun, dry place; elevation 575 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: a pile of partly rotten stump of Picea abies, mostly still in bark.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; near Trenta 2 farm house, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Average diameter of seven aethalia found was somewhat small (AVG = 4.5 mm, SD = 0.6 mm) compared to data from literature (the smallest had only 2.2 mm in diameter); however all other macroscopic traits fit well to Lycogala epidendrum species descriptions. Microscopically spore dimensions, their shape and reticulated surface, all fit to this species. Also pseudocapillitium diameter, its surface with conspicuous transverse faults and its club shaped free ends fit well. Spore mass grayish with pink tint. Spores reticulated, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: (6,7) 7 - 7,5 (7,9) x (6,5) 6,8 - 7,3 (7,5) microns; Q = 1 - 1,06 (1,1); N = 35; Me = 7,3 x 7,1 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (pseudocapillitium), NEA 10x/0.25, magnification 100x (pseudocapillitium); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 91. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 135. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321; Vol.2. p 75. (4) S. Behri, Raznolikost Pravih Sluzavk (Myxomycetes) v okolici Mengea, (in Slovene) (True Slime Molds (Myxomicetes) Diversity in Vicinity of Menge) (in Slovene), Graduation Thesis, University Studies, University in Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Biology department (2015), p 74. Baumann - H. Marx, Die Myxomyceten Deutschlands und des angrenzenden Alpenraumes unter besonderen Bercksichtigung sterreichs, Vol.1., Karlheinz Baumann Verlag, (1993, 1995, 2000), p 135.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Wolf's Milk (Lycogala epidendrum)October 19th, 2008Al Sabo, Texas Township, Michigan, United States of America
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Summary[
edit] Description: Slime mold (Lycogala epidendrum) You are free to use this image with the following photo credit: Peter Pearsall/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Date: 19 December 2015, 07:45. Source:
lycogala_epidendrum. Author:
USFWS - Pacific Region.
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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fr.Wolf's Milk, Groening's Slime, DE: BlutmilchpilzSlo.: razbarvana grahovkaDat.: Nov. 9. 2017Lat.: 46.36014 Long.: 13.70435Code: Bot_1096/2017_DSC9621Picture file names: from Lycogala-epidendrum_raw_20 to Lycogala-epidendrum_raw_24.Habitat: mountain pasture; slightly inclined terrain, southeast aspect; colluvial/glacial, calcareous ground; full sun, dry place; elevation 575 m (1.900 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: a pile of partly rotten stump of Picea abies, mostly still in bark.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa; between villages Soa and Trenta; near Trenta 2 farm house, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Average diameter of seven aethalia found was somewhat small (AVG = 4.5 mm, SD = 0.6 mm) compared to data from literature (the smallest had only 2.2 mm in diameter); however all other macroscopic traits fit well to Lycogala epidendrum species descriptions. Microscopically spore dimensions, their shape and reticulated surface, all fit to this species. Also pseudocapillitium diameter, its surface with conspicuous transverse faults and its club shaped free ends fit well. Spore mass grayish with pink tint. Spores reticulated, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: (6,7) 7 - 7,5 (7,9) x (6,5) 6,8 - 7,3 (7,5) microns; Q = 1 - 1,06 (1,1); N = 35; Me = 7,3 x 7,1 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (pseudocapillitium), NEA 10x/0.25, magnification 100x (pseudocapillitium); in water; fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 91. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 135. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321; Vol.2. p 75. (4) S. Behri, Raznolikost Pravih Sluzavk (Myxomycetes) v okolici Mengea, (in Slovene) (True Slime Molds (Myxomicetes) Diversity in Vicinity of Menge) (in Slovene), Graduation Thesis, University Studies, University in Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Biology department (2015), p 74. Baumann - H. Marx, Die Myxomyceten Deutschlands und des angrenzenden Alpenraumes unter besonderen Bercksichtigung sterreichs, Vol.1., Karlheinz Baumann Verlag, (1993, 1995, 2000), p 135.
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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Lycogala epidendrumSlo.: razbarvana grahovkaDate: June 13. 2009Lat.: 46.33439 Long.: 13.48114Code: Bot_354/2009-0083Habitat: Mixed, predominantly Fagus sylvatica forest, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3 -5 deg C, elevation 1.330 m (4.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, heavily rotted trunk of an unknown deciduous tree Place: Gozdec forest, above the road from Mt.Kanin cable car station B to the foot of Mt. Kopa, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC
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Lycogala terrestre Fr., syn.: Lycogala epidendrum var. terrestre (Fr.) Y. YamamWolfs milkSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 8. 2016Lat.: 46.34279 Long.: 13.70912Code: Bot_1030/2016_IMG1723Habitat: Open wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; steep mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous ground; rather dry place, in half shade; exposed to direct rain; temperatures during last few days from -5 to 5 deg C; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, elevation 1.165 m (3.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten stump of a large Picea abies overgrown with mosses.Place: Vrsnik valley, above the settlement Na skali, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EU.Comment: Distinctly pink spore mass of mature aethalia and flexible pseudocapillitium threads distinguish this find from Lycogala epidendrum (L.) Fries, which has gray spore mass and fragile threads and determine it as Lycogala terrestre Fries. (Ref.: 1, 3 and 5 among others). However, not all authors recognize both taxa. Some consider Lycogala terrestre as variety of Lycogala epidendrum, some synonimyze them (Ref.4). Index Fungorum and MycoBank recognize both names as current name. Descriptions of pseudocapillitium threads is inconsistent in literature (from smooth, minutely spinulose, to coarsely banded). Aethalia of this find show both, almost smooth, minutely spinulose, as well as coarsely, transversally wrinkled surface of pseudocapillitium threads. What surprises with this find is unusual surface of spores. Almost all sources state minutely reticulated spores for both Lycogala epidendrum and Lycogala terrestre, while the spores observed show quite coarse reticulation. About 12-13 aethalia found. Average diameter 6.7 mm, SD = 1.7 mm (min = 3.5 mm, max = 9.2 mm). Peridium thin but strong, flexible. Pseudocapillitium threads flexible.Spores minutely warty, globose to subglobose. Dimensions: 6,5 [6,9 ; 7] 7,5 x 6,3 [6,7 ; 6,8] 7,2 microns; Q = 1 [1,0] 1,1; N = 42; C = 95%; Me = 7 x 6,7 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (all other pictures), in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) B. Ing, The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland,The Richmond Publ. Co.Ltd, (1999), p 92. (2) S.L.Stephenson and H.Stempen, Myxomycetes, Timber Press Inc.(2000), p 136. (3) M. Poulain, M. Meyer, J. Borronet, Les Myxomycetes, FMBDS (2011), Vol.1., p 321. (4) C. Lado, Nomenmyx : a nomenclatural taxa base of myxomycetes (2001), CSIC, Madrid.(5)
www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/forums/myxomycetes/100359-lyco... (6) T. Macbride, G.W. Martin, The Myxomycetes; a descriptive list of the known species with special reference to those occurring in North America (1934), The Macmillan Company, New York, p 244.
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Lycogala epidendrumSlo.: razbarvana grahovkaDate: June 13. 2009Lat.: 46.33439 Long.: 13.48114Code: Bot_354/2009-0083Habitat: Mixed, predominantly Fagus sylvatica forest, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3 -5 deg C, elevation 1.330 m (4.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, heavily rotted trunk of an unknown deciduous tree Place: Gozdec forest, above the road from Mt.Kanin cable car station B to the foot of Mt. Kopa, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC
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