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Dorsal..
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Einar Timdal. Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway. Einar Timdal. Year: 2014. Contact: einar.timdal@nhm.uio.no.
Barcode of Life Data Systems
Thallus. Catalog no.: O-L-196061. Specimen ID: 4919528. Taxon rep.: Calogaya decipiens. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.333.
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Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
NMNH Botany in DwCA
Hasse, H. E. 21, US National Herbarium Sheet , Barcode 01143407
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Determination uncertain. Habitat: stony upland grassland, fully wind, sun and precipitations exposed, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 0-2 deg C, altitude 1.910 m (6.300 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: calcareous rock
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Xanthoria elegans, commonly known as the elegant sunburst lichen
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Syn: Xanthoria ectaneoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Xanthoria parietina var. ectanea auct. brit, Parmelia aureola Ach., Physcia aureola (Ach.) Linds., Xanthoria parietina f. aureola (Ach.) P. Syd. - Habitat: dry stony wall delimiting (mostly) abandoned fields and deserted terraced olive groves; close to sea shore; almost flat terrain; calcareous, skeletal ground; dry place, full sun; exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 900 mm/year, average temperature 12-14 deg C, elevations 35 m (110 feet), Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. - Substratum: vertical to steeply inclined surface of limestone rocks, west-southwest exposition. - Comment: This was a beautiful and interesting find. The lichen is very conspicuous because of its deep orange color and considerable size. Several specimens were found in the vicinity. Also its taxonomy is interesting. After Smith (2009) it should be named Xanthoria aureola. However, this name has been long time used (and is still so by many) for another very similar specimen Xanthoria calcicola Oxner. Many (Ref.:2) would rather call them and also do so (Ref.:3) Xanthoria ectaneoides. They claim that the name Xanthoria aureola opposes the Article 57 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Other consider this species only as a 'kind of' very common Xanthoria parietina. The result is a considerable confusion in naming. Be that as it may Xanthoria calcicola differs from Xanthoria aureola by densely isidiate central part of the thallus (see Ref.: 7) and less strap-shaped and sparsely overlapping thallus terminal lobes (Smith 2009). Smith (2009) considers this species as Western European species and GBIF map confirms this by showing most of observations along west coasts from north Scandinavia to Canary Islands and with a few exceptions in Germany (a single specimen now in herbarium Berlin), on Crete and several finds in Italy (Ref.:6). Almost all finds are close to sea shores. What puzzles me with this observation is the center of the thallus on picture 2b, upper part. The thallus is 'bumpy' there and this bumps may eventually be interpreted as isidia. I am not sure. If so, this would not fit to Xanthoria aureola. Also, Smith lists ' siliceous or, rarely, basic rock ' as a most common substratum, while Dobson 2005 doesn't list siliceous rock as an option, but eventually allows basic rock. This find was surely found on calcareous, basic rock. The lichen was photographed in completely dry state. Ref.: (1) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 968. (2) http://www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Xanthoria_aureola.html (accessed April 3. 2018) (3) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 462. (4) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.2., Ulmer (1995), p 974. (5) https://www.gbif.org/species/2609974 (accessed April 3. 2018) (6) http://dbiodbs.univ.trieste.it/italic/italic41 (accessed April 3. 2018) (7) http://www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Xanthoria_calcicola.html (accessed April 4. 2018)
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Syn.: Xanthocarpia ochracea (Schaer.) A. Massal. & De Not., Blastenia ochracea (Schaer.) Trevis., Callopisma ochraceum (Schaer.) A. Massal., Gyalecta tetrasticha (Nyl.) Jatta, Lecidea ochracea Schaer., Triophthalmidium tetrasticha (Nyl.) Gyeln., Placodium tetrastichum (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Biatora aurantiaca var. ochracea (Schaer.) Rabenh - Habitat: stony fence dividing former mountain pastures; scattered trees and bushes around; slightly inclined terrain, southeast aspect; colluvial, calcareous ground; quite sunny, dry place; elevation 600 m (1.950 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: inclined surface of limestone rock. Comment: Caloplaca ochracea is a conspicuous saxicolous lichen because of its bright colored thallus. However, genus Caloplaca includes many species and several have yellow thallus and apothecia. Looking at spores seems necessary for a reliable determination. Mature, released spores have not been found. Instead those released by pressure during preparation of hymenium squash are shown and measured. Their dimensions fit to expectations, but they were of much variable internal structure. Most of them were 4-loculate, some of them also with for Caloplaca ochracea typical narrow channel-like loculi between both terminal ones. Asci were 4-spored, which fits to Caloplaca ochracea. Thallus and apothecia K+ crimson. Spores smooth, thick walled, most of them 4-loculate. Dimensions: (11) 12 - 18 (18,5) (5,5) 5,8 - 7,4 (7,5) m; Q = (1,9) 1,95 - 2,55 (2,6); N = 13; Me = 14,9 6,5 m. Olympus CH20; NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x; in water, fresh material. Asci about 60 x 13 m, clavate, 4-spored. Paraphyses with septa having thickened, rounded ends; up to 5 m in diameter at the end. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Picture 15 shows herbarium specimen; Novex, Zoom Stereo RZ_Range, Holland. Ref.: (1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 235. (2) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 106. (3) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 268. SP (4) http://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_C/Caloplaca_ochracea.htm (accessed March 29. 2018)
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Habitat: Grassland in midst of Bovec basin, level ground, 1.6 m off ground, fully sun and rain exposed, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, altitude 440 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substrata: branches of live standalone Sambucus nigra bush
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"Longitude (deg): -1.7. Latitude (deg): 53.1. Longitude (deg/min): 1ð 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 53ð 10' N. Vice county name: Derby. Vice county no.: 57. Country: England. Stage: Teliomorph. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: ""on large limestone boulder, embedded in the ground"". Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS10D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens. "
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Longitude (deg): -3.6. Latitude (deg): 50.2. Longitude (deg/min): 3ð 40' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50ð 20' N. Vice county name: South Devon. Vice county no.: 3. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Acer pseudoplatanas. Identified by: David Hawksworth. Comment: on Sycamore. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.
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Longitude (deg): -1.2. Latitude (deg): 51.3. Longitude (deg/min): 1ð 20' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51ð 20' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Sambucus nigra. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on Elder twigs. Detail to note: red granules. Category: microscope photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with Meiji microscope using CS adaptor and x.7 projection eye-piece.
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"Longitude (deg): -2.4. Latitude (deg): 54.1. Longitude (deg/min): 2ð 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 54ð 10' N. Vice county name: Mid-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 64. Country: England. Stage: Anamorph and Teliomorph. Identified by: Peter Earland-Bennett. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: ""35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner."". "
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Longitude (deg): -2.4. Latitude (deg): 50.5. Longitude (deg/min): 2ð 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50ð 30' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Suaeda vera. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on dead twigs at top of moribund bushes of Shrubby Sea-blite. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: magnified. Background: grey background. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR and MP-E 65mm x1 to x5 macro lens.
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Longitude (deg): -1.3. Latitude (deg): 51.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1ð 20' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51ð 40' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Teliomorph. Associated species: Salix fragilis. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on recently-fallen Crack Willow. Shows: Partly shaded specimen so slightly greenish. Category: macro-photograph. Real world width(mm): 30.52233333333. Photographic equipment used: Specimens directly scanned on Black Widow 9630 SP flatbed scanner.
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"Longitude (deg): -0.7. Latitude (deg): 54.2. Longitude (deg/min): 0ð 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 54ð 20' N. Vice county name: North-east Yorks. Vice county no.: 62. Country: England. Stage: Anamorph and Teliomorph. Associated species: Fraxinus excelsior. Identified by: Peter Earland-Bennett. Comment: on Ash trunk. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: ""35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner."". "
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Longitude (deg): -1.3. Latitude (deg): 51.3. Longitude (deg/min): 1ð 20' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51ð 20' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on top of large chest tomb. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
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"Longitude (deg): -2.4. Latitude (deg): 50.5. Longitude (deg/min): 2ð 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50ð 30' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Anamorph. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: ""sterile thalli, on wooden boardwalk over maritime vegetation"". Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens. "
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Dorsal..
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Dorsal..
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Einar Timdal. University of Oslo, Natural History Museum. Einar Timdal. Year: 2016. Contact: einar.timdal@nhm.uio.no.
Barcode of Life Data Systems
Thallus. Catalog no.: O-DFL-3945. Specimen ID: 6889072. Taxon rep.: Calogaya biatorina. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 1.499.
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Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
NMNH Botany in DwCA
Herre, A. W. 334, US National Herbarium Sheet , Barcode 01143408
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Determination uncertain. Habitat: stony upland grassland, fully wind, sun and precipitations exposed, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 0-2 deg C, altitude 1.910 m (6.300 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: calcareous rock
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Xanthoria elegans, commonly known as the elegant sunburst lichen
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Syn: Xanthoria ectaneoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Xanthoria parietina var. ectanea auct. brit, Parmelia aureola Ach., Physcia aureola (Ach.) Linds., Xanthoria parietina f. aureola (Ach.) P. Syd. - Habitat: dry stony wall delimiting (mostly) abandoned fields and deserted terraced olive groves; close to sea shore; almost flat terrain; calcareous, skeletal ground; dry place, full sun; exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 900 mm/year, average temperature 12-14 deg C, elevations 35 m (110 feet), Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. - Substratum: vertical to steeply inclined surface of limestone rocks, west-southwest exposition. - Comment: This was a beautiful and interesting find. The lichen is very conspicuous because of its deep orange color and considerable size. Several specimens were found in the vicinity. Also its taxonomy is interesting. After Smith (2009) it should be named Xanthoria aureola. However, this name has been long time used (and is still so by many) for another very similar specimen Xanthoria calcicola Oxner. Many (Ref.:2) would rather call them and also do so (Ref.:3) Xanthoria ectaneoides. They claim that the name Xanthoria aureola opposes the Article 57 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Other consider this species only as a 'kind of' very common Xanthoria parietina. The result is a considerable confusion in naming. Be that as it may Xanthoria calcicola differs from Xanthoria aureola by densely isidiate central part of the thallus (see Ref.: 7) and less strap-shaped and sparsely overlapping thallus terminal lobes (Smith 2009). Smith (2009) considers this species as Western European species and GBIF map confirms this by showing most of observations along west coasts from north Scandinavia to Canary Islands and with a few exceptions in Germany (a single specimen now in herbarium Berlin), on Crete and several finds in Italy (Ref.:6). Almost all finds are close to sea shores. What puzzles me with this observation is the center of the thallus on picture 2b, upper part. The thallus is 'bumpy' there and this bumps may eventually be interpreted as isidia. I am not sure. If so, this would not fit to Xanthoria aureola. Also, Smith lists ' siliceous or, rarely, basic rock ' as a most common substratum, while Dobson 2005 doesn't list siliceous rock as an option, but eventually allows basic rock. This find was surely found on calcareous, basic rock. The lichen was photographed in completely dry state. Ref.: (1) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 968. (2) http://www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Xanthoria_aureola.html (accessed April 3. 2018) (3) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 462. (4) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.2., Ulmer (1995), p 974. (5) https://www.gbif.org/species/2609974 (accessed April 3. 2018) (6) http://dbiodbs.univ.trieste.it/italic/italic41 (accessed April 3. 2018) (7) http://www.lichens.lastdragon.org/Xanthoria_calcicola.html (accessed April 4. 2018)