Tetractinellida Marshall 1876

All Biocode files are based on field identifications to the best of the researcher’s ability at the time.

Ruecallan, Rathlin Island, Co Antrim, Northern Ireland, -29 m, 55 18.478N 6 16.127W. 6th June 2006 collector B. E. Picton. Ulster Museum Catalogue number Mc3395.

In situ image of ZMA Por. 12741 (holotype), from Discovery Bay (Blue Hole near Columbus Park), Jamaica, coll. & photo H. Lehnert, field nr J2, depth 15 m, 20 January 1993.

Photo made by Carla Menegola of BMNH holotype 1895.5.16.8

Original photos of holotype and spicules (from De Voogd & Van Soest, 2007).

ZMA specimens from Oman.

The holotype is a cushion-like piece measuring 12 x 8 cm. Thickly encrusting, pinkish red with thick, non-detachable cortex. The corrugate surface is interrupted by smooth, circular or oval depressions, 2.5 x 2.5 cm to 4 x 4 cm, dotted by numerous inhalant 0.2–1 mm diameter oscules; some irregular, also smooth and depressed areas are without visible openings. There are two oscule areas on the type specimen, seven on the in-situ-photographed sponge.  The elevated ridges and wrinkles, including those surrounding the oscules, are rough to the touch and encrusted by some encrusting coralline algae. The color of the ridges is brown to gray-brown, with some red from fouling corallines, or green from associated cyanobacteria. The smooth, depressed areas, including the oscular areas, are free of epizoans and of clear pinkish-red color in life, proper to the sponge (modified by Cárdenas, from Rützler et al., 2014).

Holotype RMNH Por. 9942 from Van Soest, 2017: 76, Fig. 48

Singapore, Singapore

Central Singapore, Singapore

Singapore, South West, Singapore

Sponge (Pachymatisma johnstonia), Arrábida Natural Park, Portugal

Summary[edit] Description: English: Description of Cydonium cooksoni (Geodia cooksoni) by Sollas in 1888. Français : Description de Cydonium cooksoni (Geodia cooksoni) par Sollas en 1888. Date: 1 January 1888. Source: Own work. Author: Culex.

Summary[edit] Description: English: grey wall sponge (Stelletta agulhana); City of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. Date: 10 March 2018. Source: https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/14169990. Author: Peter Southwood. Camera location34° 14′ 22.8″ S, 18° 28′ 41.98″ E View all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap-34.239668; 18.478328. : This media file is part of an observation on iNaturalist:inaturalist.org/observations/10245638This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing.

Figure 3; Insinuating sponges. A Geodia cydonium B Geodia conchilega C Pachastrella monilifer a D Poecillastra compressa E Paratimea oxeata F Spongia virgultosa.

Summary[edit] Description: Audio pronunciation file. LanguageFrench . TranscriptionGeodia. Date: 8 June 2018. Source: Own work. Author: Speaker: Culex Recorder: Culex. Licensing[edit] : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. :. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 CC BY-SA 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 truetrue.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Cinachyrella sp. sponge at Bima bay (Sumbawa, Indonesia). Date: 15 September 2010, 15:14:10. Source: Own work. Author: Alexander Vasenin.

Identifier: annalesdel36373190821soci (find matches)Title: Annales de la Société des sciences naturelles de la Charente- MaritimeYear: 1854 (1850s)Authors: Société des sciences naturelles de la Charente-Maritime Société des sciences naturelles de la Charente-Inférieure, La Rochelle. Comptes-rendu des travaux Académie de La Rochelle. Compte RenduSubjects: SciencePublisher: La Rochelle : Muséum d'histoire naturelleContributing Library: Smithsonian Institution LibrariesDigitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage LibraryView Book Page: Book ViewerAbout This Book: Catalog EntryView All Images: All Images From Book Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.Text Appearing Before Image:celui des grandesoxyasters et à labsence dune deuxième sorte dasterschoanosomiques, justifie tout au moins le maintiendune variété, en attendant quon sache sil ny auraitpas lieu dadmettre une espèce de plus. Dautre part, loccasion soffre à moi de montrer queGeodia megastrella Carter nest pas un Caminus. Sur linvitation de M. le Dr L. Joubin, le distinguéprofesseur au Muséum dhistoire naturelle de Paris,M. Bernard, directeur des Musées de La Rochelle, mademandé la détermination dune magnifique Épongedraguée avec son support, en 1910, par un chalutier àvapeur, à environ 200 mètres de profondeur dans lesparages du Cap Finisterre (Espagne), et destinée à lacollection zoologique de la Ville de La Rochelle. Il sagit dune Géodiide, intéressante à la fois par saforme et par ses dimensions. Fixée à la roche par unebase relativement étroite, elle se dresse comme un œufgigantesque, de couleur fauve, ne mesurant pas moinsde 0m4 de hauteur et atteignant 0m3 à 0m35 de dia-Text Appearing After Image:- 29 - mètre maximum. Sa croûte fort dure est toute piquéede pores cribreux. Un orifice large de 5 centimètres,aux bords arrondis, lisses et plus pâles que le reste,donne en son sommet accès dans une cavité spacieuse,profonde de 22 centimètres. Une collerette étroite etmince en garnit lentrée. La spiculation de cette Épongepossède tous les traits caractéristique de celle queCarter a nommée Geodia megastrella et sa cavité, qui ala signification dun cloaque, établit quon a bien affaireà une espèce du genre Geodia. Interprétant strictement les données sommaires quela petite taille du spécimen-type avait seules pu four-nir, Lendenfeld na accordé à lorifice apical dautrevaleur que celle dun simple oscule. Cest ce qui laconduit à considérer la Geodia megastrella comme unCaminus. Pour la déplacer, il lui a dailleurs été néces-saire de remanier la diagnose du genre Caminus et dendétruire lhomogénéité, lespèce megastrella contras-tant de toute évidence avec lNote About Images Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.

Summary[edit] Description: PZ.S.1872.P1.XLYIII. • : Vf.Lens AlSiovLs aLeL.ttkth. Packymatisma areolata W. West Si C° xrr^,,. Date: 1872. Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/biodivlibrary/9465176415. Author: Zoological Society of London.; Zoological Society of London. Full titleProceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Page ID28612063. Item ID90880 (Find related Wikimedia Commons images). Title ID44963. Page numbersPl. XLVIII. BHL Page URLhttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28612063. Page typeIllustration. Flickr sets Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1872. Flickr tags Natural History Museum Library, London bhl:page 28612063 dc:identifier https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28612063 natural history museum library, london. Flickr posted date8 August 2013. Credit : This file comes from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing. Deutsch | English | español | français | italiano | 日本語 | македонски | Nederlands | polski | +/−. Licensing[edit] : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. :. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 CC BY 2.0 Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 truetrue. This image is in the public domain because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason: Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse. : This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1926. This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate {{PD-old}} tag instead. For usage, see Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag. Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar, {{PD-Art}} may be applicable. See Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Thenea muricata in Grant Museum of Zoology, London, England. Magyar: Thenea muricata a londoni Grant Museum of Zoology-ban. Date: 20 November 2011. Source: kindly granted by the author. Author: Emőke Dénes. Permission(Reusing this file): This file was created by Emőke Dénes and uploaded by DenesFeri. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. :. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 CC BY-SA 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 truetrue. : This work is free and may be used by anyone for any purpose. If you wish to use this content, you do not need to request permission as long as you follow any licensing requirements mentioned on this page. Wikimedia Foundation has received an e-mail confirming that the copyright holder has approved publication under the terms mentioned on this page. This correspondence has been reviewed by an OTRS member and stored in our permission archive. The correspondence is available to trusted volunteers as ticket #2017083110036563. If you have questions about the archived correspondence, please use the OTRS noticeboard. Ticket link: https://ticket.wikimedia.org/otrs/index.pl?Action=AgentTicketZoom&TicketNumber=2017083110036563..

Summary[edit] Description: English: Cinachyrella sp. sponge at Bima bay (Sumbawa, Indonesia). Date: 7 September 2010, 18:35:18. Source: Own work. Author: Alexander Vasenin.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Cinachyra sp. (Golf Ball Sponge). Date: 06/06/04. Source: Own work. Author: Nhobgood Nick Hobgood. Camera location 8° 28′ 28.05″ S, 125° 53′ 00.8″ E : View all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap - Google Earth: -8.474458; 125.883556.

Summary[edit] Description: Français : Photo de sterraster prise au microscope électronique à balayage (MEB). De plus petits strongylasters et des oxeas sont également visibles. English: Picture of a sterraster, taken with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Smaller strongylasters and oxeas are also visible in the background. Date: 24 September 2009. Source: Own work. Author: Paco Cárdenas.