European Herring Gull

Larus argentatus Pontoppidan 1763

Royal Ontario Museum. Erika Tavares. Year: 2010. cc-by-3.0

Larus argentatus (European Herring Gull) is a species of birds in the family Laridae. They are associated with freshwater habitat. They are found in The Neotropics, The Nearctic, Afrotropics, the palearctic, the indo-malayan realm, and oceania. They are diurnal omnivores. Individuals are known to live for 49 years. They have parental care (pair provides care).

URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000873
Definition: A biome that applies to the freshwater realm.

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217151
Definition: one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Neotropic.svg

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q737742
Definition: one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Nearctic.svg

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Afrotropical
Attribution: https://www.oneearth.org/realms/afrotropics/

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q106447

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/IndoMalayan
Attribution: https://www.oneearth.org/realms/indomalaya/

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q164509
Definition: organism consuming a variety of foods, usually including both plants and animals

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q906470
Definition: animal behavior characterized by activity during the day, with a period of inactivity at night.

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/parentalCarePair
Definition: Both parents feed and nurture offspring.
Attribution: Richard M. Sibly, Christopher C. Witt, Natalie A. Wright, Chris Venditti, Walter Jetz, and James H. Brown. 2012. Energetics, lifestyle, and reproduction in birds. PNAS 109(27):10937-10941, doi:10.1073/pnas.1206512109

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EOL has data for 44 attributes, including:

bill length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/BillLength
- Definition: Length of the bill.
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48.9 mm
foraging habitat
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/ForagingHabitat
- Definition: Primary habitat where the species forages during the breeding season.
- Attribution: Richard M. Sibly, Christopher C. Witt, Natalie A. Wright, Chris Venditti, Walter Jetz, and James H. Brown. 2012. Energetics, lifestyle, and reproduction in birds. PNAS 109(27):10937-10941, doi:10.1073/pnas.1206512109
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coastal
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000687
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geographic distribution includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Present
- Definition: This organism is known to be present in this location or region. Not exclusive; other regions may also be reported.
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the Palearctic
- URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q106447
- Definition: largest of the eight ecozones constituting the Earth's surface
- Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Palearctic.png
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habitat includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Habitat
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cliff
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000087
- Definition: A high, steep, or overhanging face of rock.
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initial mortality rate
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/InitialMortalityRate
- Definition: The initial mortality rate (IMR) represents the mortality rate independently of the ageing process. Though there are different methods, the IMR is typically estimated from the mortality rate prior to its exponential increase with age, which can be obtained from the mortality curve (by looking at the baseline mortality prior to its exponential increase) or, for mice, by using t = 0.25 in the Gompertz equation.
- Attribution: From senescence.info. Human Ageing Genomic Resources (HAGR). Estimating the Rate of Ageing. http://genomics.senescence.info/software/demographic.html
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0.004 /year
litters per year
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/LittersPerYear
- Definition: Number of litters per female per year
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1 /year
mortality rate doubling time
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/MortalityRateDoublingTime
- Definition: The mortality rate doubling time (MRDT) is considered to be a measure of the rate of ageing. It is estimated from the slope of the Gompertz curve by: MRDT = 0.693/G where G is the exponential (Gompertz) mortality rate coefficient.
- Attribution: From senescence.info. Human Ageing Genomic Resources (HAGR). Estimating the Rate of Ageing. http://genomics.senescence.info/software/demographic.html
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6 years
population trend
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/population_trend
- Definition: i.e., increasing, decreasing, stable, or unknown
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Decreasing
prenatal development duration
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PrenatalDevelopmentDuration
- Definition: The duration of the development from fertilized, deposited or implanted egg to hatching/birth. Corresponds to egg incubation duration in oviparous animals and to gestation period duration in viviparous animals.
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27 days
tarsometatarsus + middle toe length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TarsometatarsusPlusMiddleToeLength
- Definition: Length of the tarsometatarsus + length of the middle toe.
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111 mm
temperature at range midpoint latitude
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TemperatureAtRangeMidpointLatitude
- Definition: The temperature at the range midpoint latitude of an organism.
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0.81 degrees celsius
water temperature
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/SeawaterTemperature
- Definition: Temperature of the water at a location where this organism has been observed or collected.
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-0.326 degrees celsius

Known occurrences, collected specimens and observations of European herring gull. View this species on GBIF

Royal Ontario Museum. Erika Tavares. Year: 2010. cc-by-3.0

European herring gull includes 2 children: