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Paul M. Peterson, Isidoro Sánchez Vega, Konstantin Romaschenko, Diego Giraldo-Cañas, Nancy F. Refulio Rodriguez
Phytokeys
Figure 3.
A, BMuhlenbergiabryophilus (Döll) P. M. Peterson A habit B spikelet C, DMuhlenbergiacenchroides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) P. M. Peterson C habit D spikelet. Drawings from Giraldo-Cañas and Peterson (2009)A, B drawn from S.G. Beck 818 (LPB) C, D drawn from S.G. Beck 7464 (LPB).
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Crocus biflorus Mil. ssp. biflorus, syn.: Crocus annulatus var. biflorus (Mill.) Herb., Crocus argenteus SabineFamily: IridaceaeEN: Silvery Crocus, Scotch Crocus, DE: Zweibltiger KrokusSlo.: dvocvetni efran Dat.: Jan. 18. 2022Lat.: 46.21 Long.: 13.69 (approximate coordinates)Code: Bot_1427/2022_DSC00035Habitat: Pasture, close to forest edge; moderately inclined mountain slope, southwest aspect; calcareous, colluvial ground; shallow layer of rendsina; open, sunny, dry place, elevation 205 m (670 feet); average precipitations ~ 2.300 mm/year, average temperature 9-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Between villages Gabrje and Volarje northwest of Tolmin, left bank of river Soa, above the main road, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment (pertains to Flickr album Crocus biflorus ssp. biflorus): This beautiful and tender, very early blooming flower is a rare find in Slovenia. So rare that it has not yet been put into the Red list of protected species in Slovenia. It was described to the first time about fifteen years ago. Only a few stands in western Slovenia near the border to Italy are known up to now. Its taxonomy is still not agreed among professionals. More than 20 different subspecies and variants have been described up to now. However, recent molecular studies (see Ref.: 3) seems to make a great havoc in the traditional views. Also data on the distribution of this species in literature are contradictory. KEW (Ref.: 4) considers this species constrained and endemic to Italy, while GBIF (Ref.: 5) states its occurrences from UK, Scandinavia, several European countries, Turkey, Iran, etc. Aeschimann et al. 2004 (Ref.: 6) considers it as southeastern European and northwestern Asian taxon. These pictures show the stands, which were discovered last year (Ref.: 2). They represent the first find in the Julian Alps as well as in the whole eastern and central part of the Alps. Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Biological Institute Jovan Hadi, Tolmin.(2) Dakskobler, I., 2021: Crocus biflorus Mill. subsp. biflorus - Nova nahajalia redke vrste v Posoju, prva v alpskem fitogeografskem obmoju, novost za floro Julijskih Alp (New localities of a rare species, the first in the Alpine phytogeographical region of Slovenia, novelty in the flora of the Julian Alps), Hladnikia 47: 1734.(3) Harpke, D., Kerndorff, H., Pasche E., Peruzzi, L., 2016: Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus, Phytotaxa 260(2):131-143.(4) KEW;
powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:436480-1 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(5) GBIF;
www.gbif.org/species/2747340 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(6) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1094.
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Crocus vernus ssp. vernus (L.) Hill, syn.: Crocus vernus (L.) Hill, Crocus sativus var. vernus L., Crocus napolitanus Mordant & Loisel.Family: IridaceaeEN: Spring Crocus, Dutch Crocus, DE: Gewhnlicher Frlings-Safran, Gewhnlicher Frlings-KrokusSlo: spomladanski efranDat.: Feb. 20.2020Lat.: 46.33637 Long.: 13.54153 (WGS84)Code: Bot_1273/2020_DSC02080Habitat: Mixed wood; hardwood, broadleaf tress dominant; moderately inclined mountain slopes; south aspect; cretaceous clastic (flysh) bedrock; humid and relatively warm place; mostly in shade or half-shade; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 450 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin; northwest of 'Jezerca' place, west of Bovec; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Crocus vernus ssp. vernus is a common plant in Slovenia and one of the earliest spring flower growing mainly in light woods but also on meadows. On some spots flowers appear in massive numbers, which color forest ground patches completely violet. Where it is intermixed with other blooming flowers it provides particularly magnificent vistas. Such spot is west of Bovec, where it appears in thousands and thousands. There, it is accompanied by white Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) and Spring Snowflakes (Leucojum vernum). All three plants have bulbs and love quite humid habitat. This is assured by flysh bedrock at this site. This rock keeps rain water much longer than surrounding limestone or dolomite bedrock, which most of Julian Alps are composed of.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 754. (2) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1092. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1025.
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Bogee, New South Wales, Australia
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docentjoyce|sourceurl=https://flickr.com/photos/99003655@N00/5760617740%7Carchive=%7Creviewdate=2020-10-13 17:01:40|reviewlicense=cc-by-2.0|reviewer=FlickreviewR 2
Wikimedia Commons
Summary[
edit] Description: The smallest and most precious flowering plant in Montana de Oro State Park. Duckweed's Role in the habitat: Duckweed is an important food for wild waterfowl and fish both directly and as a source of food for small creature that are in turn eaten by the birds and fish. As it grows, Duckweed absorbs nutrients from the water. Thus it has a useful role in controlling the growth of algae, both by removing nutrients and by shutting out sunlight as the Duckweed covers the water surface. Algae absorbs oxygen, as it decays, it further reduces oxygen levels. Algal blooms can severely affect aquatic life. By shading the water, Duckweed also keeps it cool and allow for more dissolved oxygen. By covering the water surface, it minimizes water loss through evaporation. (Jerry, we can add it to our Pecho Ranch Day plant display on July 9th.). Date: 22 May 2011, 11:23. Source:
Duckweed - Family lemnaceae. Author:
docentjoyce. Camera location
35° 16′ 20.61″ N, 120° 53′ 21.35″ W View all coordinates using:
OpenStreetMap 35.272391; -120.889263.
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Summary[
edit] Description: English: Botanical specimen in the Botanischer Garten - Heidelberg, Germany. Date: 1 December 2015, 08:39:08. Source: Own work. Author:
Daderot.
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Summary[
edit] Description: Nebraska sedge (Carex nebrascensis), Sedge family (Cyperaceae). Johnson Lakes Canyon, Kane County, Utah. Date: 2 June 2016, 22:42. Source:
2016.06.02_22.42.12_IMG_6369. Author:
Andrey Zharkikh from Salt Lake City, USA.
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Whole Specimen..
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Paul M. Peterson, Isidoro Sánchez Vega, Konstantin Romaschenko, Diego Giraldo-Cañas, Nancy F. Refulio Rodriguez
Phytokeys
Figure 1.
A, B Maximum-likelihood tree inferred from combined plastid (ndhA intron, rps16-trnK, rps16 intron, rps3, and rpl32-trnL) and ITS sequences. Thick branches indicate posterior probabilities of 0.95−1; species in red occur in South America; scale bar = 2%.
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Crocus biflorus Mil. ssp. biflorus, syn.: Crocus annulatus var. biflorus (Mill.) Herb., Crocus argenteus SabineFamily: IridaceaeEN: Silvery Crocus, Scotch Crocus, DE: Zweibltiger KrokusSlo.: dvocvetni efran Dat.: Jan. 18. 2022Lat.: 46.21 Long.: 13.69 (approximate coordinates)Code: Bot_1427/2022_DSC00035Habitat: Pasture, close to forest edge; moderately inclined mountain slope, southwest aspect; calcareous, colluvial ground; shallow layer of rendsina; open, sunny, dry place, elevation 205 m (670 feet); average precipitations ~ 2.300 mm/year, average temperature 9-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Between villages Gabrje and Volarje northwest of Tolmin, left bank of river Soa, above the main road, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment (pertains to Flickr album Crocus biflorus ssp. biflorus): This beautiful and tender, very early blooming flower is a rare find in Slovenia. So rare that it has not yet been put into the Red list of protected species in Slovenia. It was described to the first time about fifteen years ago. Only a few stands in western Slovenia near the border to Italy are known up to now. Its taxonomy is still not agreed among professionals. More than 20 different subspecies and variants have been described up to now. However, recent molecular studies (see Ref.: 3) seems to make a great havoc in the traditional views. Also data on the distribution of this species in literature are contradictory. KEW (Ref.: 4) considers this species constrained and endemic to Italy, while GBIF (Ref.: 5) states its occurrences from UK, Scandinavia, several European countries, Turkey, Iran, etc. Aeschimann et al. 2004 (Ref.: 6) considers it as southeastern European and northwestern Asian taxon. These pictures show the stands, which were discovered last year (Ref.: 2). They represent the first find in the Julian Alps as well as in the whole eastern and central part of the Alps. Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Biological Institute Jovan Hadi, Tolmin.(2) Dakskobler, I., 2021: Crocus biflorus Mill. subsp. biflorus - Nova nahajalia redke vrste v Posoju, prva v alpskem fitogeografskem obmoju, novost za floro Julijskih Alp (New localities of a rare species, the first in the Alpine phytogeographical region of Slovenia, novelty in the flora of the Julian Alps), Hladnikia 47: 1734.(3) Harpke, D., Kerndorff, H., Pasche E., Peruzzi, L., 2016: Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus, Phytotaxa 260(2):131-143.(4) KEW;
powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:436480-1 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(5) GBIF;
www.gbif.org/species/2747340 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(6) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1094.
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Crocus vernus ssp. vernus (L.) Hill, syn.: Crocus vernus (L.) Hill, Crocus sativus var. vernus L., Crocus napolitanus Mordant & Loisel.Family: IridaceaeEN: Spring Crocus, Dutch Crocus, DE: Gewhnlicher Frlings-Safran, Gewhnlicher Frlings-KrokusSlo: spomladanski efranDat.: Feb. 20.2020Lat.: 46.33637 Long.: 13.54153 (WGS84)Code: Bot_1273/2020_DSC02080Habitat: Mixed wood; hardwood, broadleaf tress dominant; moderately inclined mountain slopes; south aspect; cretaceous clastic (flysh) bedrock; humid and relatively warm place; mostly in shade or half-shade; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 450 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin; northwest of 'Jezerca' place, west of Bovec; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Crocus vernus ssp. vernus is a common plant in Slovenia and one of the earliest spring flower growing mainly in light woods but also on meadows. On some spots flowers appear in massive numbers, which color forest ground patches completely violet. Where it is intermixed with other blooming flowers it provides particularly magnificent vistas. Such spot is west of Bovec, where it appears in thousands and thousands. There, it is accompanied by white Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) and Spring Snowflakes (Leucojum vernum). All three plants have bulbs and love quite humid habitat. This is assured by flysh bedrock at this site. This rock keeps rain water much longer than surrounding limestone or dolomite bedrock, which most of Julian Alps are composed of.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 754. (2) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1092. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1025.
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tiny green oval leaf like plants floating on the water's surface Duckweed - Individual plants consist of a single, flat oval leaf (technically a modified stem) no more than ¼ of an inch long that floats on the surface of still-moving ponds, lakes, and sloughs. Keywords: pictured rocks national lakeshore; piro; duckweed
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Summary[
edit] Description: English: Botanical specimen in the Botanischer Garten - Heidelberg, Germany. Date: 1 December 2015, 08:39:21. Source: Own work. Author:
Daderot.
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Summary[
edit] Description: English: Carex nebrascensis Dewey (Nebraska sedge). Date: 2006. Source:
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database: Carex nebrascensis Dewey. Author: Sheri Hagwood. Bureau of Land Management. United States, ID, Bureau of Land Management Jarbidge Resource Area. June 29, 2006. Permission (
Reusing this file): This image is not copyrighted and may be freely used for any purpose. Please credit the artist, original publication if applicable, and the USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database. The following format is suggested and will be appreciated: Sheri Hagwood @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database.
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Herbarium specimen. Catalog no.: TROM-V-966091. Specimen ID: 3965573. Taxon rep.: Coeloglossum viride. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 0.667.
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Crocus biflorus Mil. ssp. biflorus, syn.: Crocus annulatus var. biflorus (Mill.) Herb., Crocus argenteus SabineFamily: IridaceaeEN: Silvery Crocus, Scotch Crocus, DE: Zweibltiger KrokusSlo.: dvocvetni efran Dat.: Jan. 18. 2022Lat.: 46.21 Long.: 13.69 (approximate coordinates)Code: Bot_1427/2022_DSC00035Habitat: Pasture, close to forest edge; moderately inclined mountain slope, southwest aspect; calcareous, colluvial ground; shallow layer of rendsina; open, sunny, dry place, elevation 205 m (670 feet); average precipitations ~ 2.300 mm/year, average temperature 9-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Between villages Gabrje and Volarje northwest of Tolmin, left bank of river Soa, above the main road, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment (pertains to Flickr album Crocus biflorus ssp. biflorus): This beautiful and tender, very early blooming flower is a rare find in Slovenia. So rare that it has not yet been put into the Red list of protected species in Slovenia. It was described to the first time about fifteen years ago. Only a few stands in western Slovenia near the border to Italy are known up to now. Its taxonomy is still not agreed among professionals. More than 20 different subspecies and variants have been described up to now. However, recent molecular studies (see Ref.: 3) seems to make a great havoc in the traditional views. Also data on the distribution of this species in literature are contradictory. KEW (Ref.: 4) considers this species constrained and endemic to Italy, while GBIF (Ref.: 5) states its occurrences from UK, Scandinavia, several European countries, Turkey, Iran, etc. Aeschimann et al. 2004 (Ref.: 6) considers it as southeastern European and northwestern Asian taxon. These pictures show the stands, which were discovered last year (Ref.: 2). They represent the first find in the Julian Alps as well as in the whole eastern and central part of the Alps. Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Biological Institute Jovan Hadi, Tolmin.(2) Dakskobler, I., 2021: Crocus biflorus Mill. subsp. biflorus - Nova nahajalia redke vrste v Posoju, prva v alpskem fitogeografskem obmoju, novost za floro Julijskih Alp (New localities of a rare species, the first in the Alpine phytogeographical region of Slovenia, novelty in the flora of the Julian Alps), Hladnikia 47: 1734.(3) Harpke, D., Kerndorff, H., Pasche E., Peruzzi, L., 2016: Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus, Phytotaxa 260(2):131-143.(4) KEW;
powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:436480-1 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(5) GBIF;
www.gbif.org/species/2747340 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(6) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1094.
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Crocus vernus ssp. vernus (L.) Hill, syn.: Crocus vernus (L.) Hill, Crocus sativus var. vernus L., Crocus napolitanus Mordant & Loisel.Family: IridaceaeEN: Spring Crocus, Dutch Crocus, DE: Gewhnlicher Frlings-Safran, Gewhnlicher Frlings-KrokusSlo: spomladanski efranDat.: Feb. 20.2020Lat.: 46.33637 Long.: 13.54153 (WGS84)Code: Bot_1273/2020_DSC02080Habitat: Mixed wood; hardwood, broadleaf tress dominant; moderately inclined mountain slopes; south aspect; cretaceous clastic (flysh) bedrock; humid and relatively warm place; mostly in shade or half-shade; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 450 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin; northwest of 'Jezerca' place, west of Bovec; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Crocus vernus ssp. vernus is a common plant in Slovenia and one of the earliest spring flower growing mainly in light woods but also on meadows. On some spots flowers appear in massive numbers, which color forest ground patches completely violet. Where it is intermixed with other blooming flowers it provides particularly magnificent vistas. Such spot is west of Bovec, where it appears in thousands and thousands. There, it is accompanied by white Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) and Spring Snowflakes (Leucojum vernum). All three plants have bulbs and love quite humid habitat. This is assured by flysh bedrock at this site. This rock keeps rain water much longer than surrounding limestone or dolomite bedrock, which most of Julian Alps are composed of.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 754. (2) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1092. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1025.
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Summary[
edit] Description: Nederlands: Roeleveen; een poldergebied in het uiterste westen van de gemeente Zoetermeer (prov. Zuid-Holland) dat deel uitmaakt van de
Polder van Nootdorp. Het op de foto getoonde gebied zal volgens het Bestemmingsplan Nieuwe Driemanspolder-Roeleveen van de Gemeente Zoetermeer als golfbaan worden ingericht. English: The Roeleveen polder area in the municipality Zoetermeer (Province South Holland, Netherlands) is part of the "Polder of Nootdorp". This area will be converted into a golf course according to Zoetermeer's land-use plan. Date: 17 September 2014. Source: Own work. Author: Vincent van Zeijst. Looking north from: Camera location
52° 03′ 08.01″ N, 4° 25′ 29.81″ E View all coordinates using:
OpenStreetMap 52.052225; 4.424947.
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Summary[
edit] Description: Nebraska sedge (Carex nebrascensis), Sedge family (Cyperaceae). Johnson Lakes Canyon, Kane County, Utah. Date: 28 May 2016, 09:43. Source:
2016.05.28_09.43.18_IMG_6053. Author:
Andrey Zharkikh from Salt Lake City, USA.
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Herbarium..
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Crocus biflorus Mil. ssp. biflorus, syn.: Crocus annulatus var. biflorus (Mill.) Herb., Crocus argenteus SabineFamily: IridaceaeEN: Silvery Crocus, Scotch Crocus, DE: Zweibltiger KrokusSlo.: dvocvetni efran Dat.: Jan. 18. 2022Lat.: 46.21 Long.: 13.69 (approximate coordinates)Code: Bot_1427/2022_DSC00035Habitat: Pasture, close to forest edge; moderately inclined mountain slope, southwest aspect; calcareous, colluvial ground; shallow layer of rendsina; open, sunny, dry place, elevation 205 m (670 feet); average precipitations ~ 2.300 mm/year, average temperature 9-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Between villages Gabrje and Volarje northwest of Tolmin, left bank of river Soa, above the main road, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment (pertains to Flickr album Crocus biflorus ssp. biflorus): This beautiful and tender, very early blooming flower is a rare find in Slovenia. So rare that it has not yet been put into the Red list of protected species in Slovenia. It was described to the first time about fifteen years ago. Only a few stands in western Slovenia near the border to Italy are known up to now. Its taxonomy is still not agreed among professionals. More than 20 different subspecies and variants have been described up to now. However, recent molecular studies (see Ref.: 3) seems to make a great havoc in the traditional views. Also data on the distribution of this species in literature are contradictory. KEW (Ref.: 4) considers this species constrained and endemic to Italy, while GBIF (Ref.: 5) states its occurrences from UK, Scandinavia, several European countries, Turkey, Iran, etc. Aeschimann et al. 2004 (Ref.: 6) considers it as southeastern European and northwestern Asian taxon. These pictures show the stands, which were discovered last year (Ref.: 2). They represent the first find in the Julian Alps as well as in the whole eastern and central part of the Alps. Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Biological Institute Jovan Hadi, Tolmin.(2) Dakskobler, I., 2021: Crocus biflorus Mill. subsp. biflorus - Nova nahajalia redke vrste v Posoju, prva v alpskem fitogeografskem obmoju, novost za floro Julijskih Alp (New localities of a rare species, the first in the Alpine phytogeographical region of Slovenia, novelty in the flora of the Julian Alps), Hladnikia 47: 1734.(3) Harpke, D., Kerndorff, H., Pasche E., Peruzzi, L., 2016: Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus, Phytotaxa 260(2):131-143.(4) KEW;
powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:436480-1 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(5) GBIF;
www.gbif.org/species/2747340 (accessed Jan. 19. 2022)(6) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1094.