Viruses

Yellow Fever Virus virions (234,000 X magnification)From U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Image Library, image ID #8239 (electron micrograph by CDC/ Erskine Palmer)

Ebola virus electron micrograph English: An electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle showing the characteristic filamentous structure of a Filoviridae. The viral filaments can appear in images in various shapes including a 'u', '6', a coil, or branched resulting in pleomorphic particles. The filaments are reported to be between 60-80 nm in diameter, the length of a filament associated with an individual viral partial is extremely variable with Ebola particles of up to 14,000 nm in length being reported. An average length, which may represent the most infectious particles is in the region of 1000 nm. The first electronmicrograph of Ebola was 13 October 1976 by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at UC Davis, who was then working at the CDC. The nucleocapsid structure consists of a central channel, 20-30nm in diameter, surrounded by helically wound capsid with a diameter of 40-50nm and an interval of 5nm. 7nm glycoprotein spikes spaced 10 nm apart from each other are present within the outer envelope of the virus which is derived from the host cell membrane. Each viral particle contains one molecule of single-stranded, negative-sense RNA, which encodes the seven viral proteins. Français : Image d'une partie du virus Ebola vue au microscope électronique. Polski: Grafika przedstawiająca wirus Ebola pochodząca z mikroskopu elektronowego ukazująca charakterystyczną filamentową budowę tego Filowirusa. Te wirusowe filamenty występują na obrzach w różnych postaciach między innymi: "u" '6' albo sprężyny. Filamenty występują w rozmiarze 60-80 nm średnicy. Długość filamentu jest bardzo zmienna i zależna od konkretnej "cząsteczki" wirusa, w przypadku Ebola pojawiają się mające długość nawet 14,000 nm. Średnia długość, która może reprezentować wersję najbardziej zaraźliwą ma długość około 1000nm. Pierwsze zdjęcie wirusa Ebola zostało wykonane 13 Października 1976 roku przez Dr. F.A Murphy, teraz pracującego na uniwersytecie w Davis, wtedy w CDC. 中文: 图像内容：电子显微镜下观测到的埃博拉病毒，长约60至80纳米 来源：美国疾病控制与预防中心 拍摄日期：不详 Source: CDC

Summary[edit] Description: English: Cocoa-tree showing swollen shoot diseased stem Français : Cacaoyer montrant une tige affectée par la maladie de l'oedème des tiges. Date: 5 May 2010. Source: Own work. Photo taken in Togo cacao farm. Author: DiSnouk.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Phylogeny of exogenous and endogenous circovirus Rep sequences. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny reconstructed from an alignment of replication-associated protein (Rep) sequences. The tree is midpoint rooted; asterisks indicate nodes with >70% bootstrap support. The scale bar indicates evolutionary distance in the number of substitutions per site. Sequences derived from metagenomic samples are indicated by colored circles. Taxon names are shown for sequences derived from viruses and CVe. All taxa are colored to indicate associations with host species groups, as shown in the key. Stars indicate viral taxa that have been linked to human disease. See Fig. S1 in the supplemental material for accession numbers of all taxa shown here. The arrow indicates an age calibration inferred for a clade within the Circovirus genus. Mya, million years ago; CaCV, canary circovirus; RaCV, raven circovirus; FiCV, finch circovirus; StCV, starling circovirus; CoCV, columbid circovirus; BFDV, beak and feather disease virus; MiCV, mink circovirus; PCV-2, porcine circovirus 2; CfCV, canine circovirus 1; DuCV, duck circovirus; SwCV, swan circovirus; GoCV, goose circoviruses; SgCV, wels catfish circovirus; BarbCV, barbel circovirus. Date: 31 July 2018. Source: https://jvi.asm.org/content/jvi/92/16/e00145-18/F1.large.jpg?width=800&height=600&carousel=1 (Fig. 1) at https://jvi.asm.org/content/92/16/e00145-18 Insights into Circovirus Host Range from the Genomic Fossil Record. ASM Journal of Virology 92 (16). e00145-18. doi:10.1128/JVI.00145-18. PMID 29875243. . Author: Tristan P. W. Dennis, Peter J. Flynn, William Marciel de Souza, Joshua B. Singer, Corrie S. Moreau, Sam J. Wilson, Robert J. Gifford.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Everglades virus. Date: 7 February 2017. Source: Own work. Author: Vishnuteja7991.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Chronic antigenemia induces immune hyper-activation that leads to immune suppression. This process may be inhibited by anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs that reduce T-cell activation. ten Hoeve AL and van Arnhem AL (2011) Anti-inflammatory therapy for feline immunodeficiency virus infection and associated AIDS-like syndrome. Front. Microbio. 2:157. Date: 11 June 2011. Source: Own work. Author: ArneLH.

: File:Mimivirus svg.svg is a vector version of this file. File:API → File:Mimivirus svg.svg For more information, see Help:SVG. In other languages. Alemannisch | العربية | беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ | български | বাংলা | català | нохчийн | čeština | dansk | Deutsch | Ελληνικά | English | Esperanto | español | eesti | euskara | فارسی | suomi | français | Frysk | galego | עברית | hrvatski | magyar | հայերեն | Bahasa Indonesia | italiano | 日本語 | ქართული | 한국어 | lietuvių | македонски | മലയാളം | Bahasa Melayu | norsk bokmål | Plattdüütsch | Nederlands | norsk nynorsk | norsk | occitan | polski | português | português do Brasil | română | русский | sicilianu | Scots | slovenčina | slovenščina | српски / srpski | svenska | ไทย | Türkçe | татарча/tatarça | українська | vèneto | Tiếng Việt | 中文 | 中文（中国大陆）‎ | 中文（简体）‎ | 中文（繁體）‎ | 中文（马来西亚）‎ | 中文（台灣）‎ | +/−. : . Description: English: An infographic / illustration of mimivirus, based upon various web-based sources, including giantvirus.org and wikipedia. Date: 24 August 2006 (13:04 UTC, original upload date). Source: Originally from en.wikipedia Description page is/was: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Image%3AMimivirus.jpg. Author: Xanthine. Permission(Reusing this file): Xanthine at English Wikipedia, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publishes it under the following licenses: : Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Generic license. :. Attribution: Xanthine at English Wikipedia. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5 CC BY 2.5 Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 truetrue. You may select the license of your choice. Released under the GNU Free Documentation License. Other versions: Derivative works of this file: Mimivirus svg.svg Mimivirus-2.svg Mimivirus.svg. Licensing[edit] : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Generic license. :. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5 CC BY 2.5 Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 truetrue. : Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. :. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original. This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC-BY-SA-3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue. Original upload log[edit] (All user names refer to en.wikipedia) 2006-08-24 13:04 Xanthine 822×624×8 (98149 bytes) '

Summary[edit] Description: English: Pronunciation recording of German noun "Norovirus", IPA: /ˈnoːʁoˌviːʁʊs/. Male voice, recorded by native German speaker from Berlin, Germany. Deutsch: Aussprachebeispiel des deutschen Substantivs "Norovirus", IPA: /ˈnoːʁoˌviːʁʊs/. Männliche Stimme, aufgenommen von deutschem Muttersprachler aus Berlin, Deutschland. Date: 18 July 2020. Source: Own work, recorded with Røde NT-USB and Audacity, converted with SoX (Sound eXchange audio editing software). Author: Jeuwre.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Assembly and pre-genome packaging in members of the Cystoviridae family. (1) Newly transcribed l+, m+, and s+RNAs are extruded from the procapsid. (2) Viral proteins P1 (core protein, purple), P2 (RdRP, red), P4 (RNA helicase/packaging motor, green), and P7 (assembly co-factor, yellow) co-assemble (3) forming new empty procapsids. (4) Assembled procapsids sequentially recruit RNAs, which are translocated inside the core by a hexameric packaging motor P4 in the order s+, m+, and l+. RNA packaging results in expansion of the procapsid. (5) After packaging, multiple + RNAs are replicated inside the procapsid by P2, forming dsRNAs. Date: 1 December 2018. Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625718300348#bib0245. Author: Alexander Borodavka, Ulrich Desselberger, and John T Patton.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Schematic representation of flavivirus vRNA. (A) vRNA is composed of a 5′UTR, one single open reading frame and a 3′UTR. The position of the sequences encoding for the viral proteins within the polyprotein is indicated. The bottom part of the figure shows in details the secondary structures of 5′UTR, capsid-coding region and 3′UTR. The different regions engaged in local pseudoknots and long-range RNA–RNA interactions are indicated and described in detail in the text. (B) Predicted structure of vRNA in its circularized conformation. The coding sequence (except 5′ capsid coding region) is depicted with a dashed line. Date: 4 December 2018. Source: Mazeaud C, Freppel W and Chatel-Chaix L (2018) The Multiples Fates of the Flavivirus RNA Genome During Pathogenesis. Front. Genet. 9:595. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00595 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2018.00595/full. Author: Clément Mazeaud, Wesley Freppel, and Laurent Chatel-Chaix.

Summary[edit] Description: English: This image revealed the presence of both the human T-cell leukemia type-1 virus (HTLV-1), (also known as the human T lymphotropic virus type-1 virus), and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1), a human oncoretrovirus, is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia, and of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1–associated myelopathy. Two closely related retroviruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2, have been identified as causing AIDS in different geographic regions. HIV-1 causes most cases of AIDS in the U.S., with only a few cases of HIV-2 having been found in the U.S. Epidemiologically, HIV-2 has been found to be mostly an infection of persons from West Africa. Source: : This media comes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Image Library (PHIL), with identification number #8241. Note: Not all PHIL images are public domain; be sure to check copyright status and credit authors and content providers. English | slovenščina | +/−. Author: Content Providers: CDC. Permission(Reusing this file): PD-USGov-HHS-CDC English: None - This image is in the public domain and thus free of any copyright restrictions. As a matter of courtesy we request that the content provider be credited and notified in any public or private usage of this image.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Leaves showing interveinal chlorosis, puckering and distortion. Date: 6 November 2006. Source: David B. Langston, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5077036. Author: David B. Langston. Permission(Reusing this file): http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5077036.

Summary[edit] Description: Deutsch: Schemazeichnung eines Virions der Familie Parvoviridae, Querschnitt und Seitenansicht. Date: 2010. Source: https://viralzone.expasy.org/resources/Parvoviridae%5Fvirion.jpg at https://viralzone.expasy.org/103 - for license see bottom right at https://viralzone.expasy.org. Author: ViralZone, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics: https://viralzone.expasy.org. Other versions: .

Feline viral rhinotracheitis, caused by an infection with calicivirus Dieses Bild wurde aus der deutschen Wikipedia kopiert. Die dortige Bildbeschreibung lautete: Beschreibung: Schleimhautschädigungen bei einer Katze im Bereich der Zungenspitze, verursacht durch Caliciviren Autor: Kalumet (de:Benutzer:Kalumet, selbst fotografiert Datum: 18.06.2005 Lizenz: : Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.:.. This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC-BY-SA-3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue. : Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.:.. This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC-BY-SA-3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Schematic diagrams of non-segmented negative strand (NNS) RNA viral genomes. The gene organization of negative-strand genomes of typical NNS RNA viruses [measles virus (MeV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1), and Nyamanini virus (NYMV)] belonging to different families is depicted in the 3′ to 5′ order. Transcription initiation and termination sites are shown by bent arrows and red vertical lines, respectively. The positions of negative-strand open reading frames are shown by colored boxes. The L genes encode an L protein with RdRp, GDP polyribonucleotidyltransferase (PRNTase), and methyltransferase (MTase, except for nuclear-replicating viruses) domains. A scale bar is shown at the bottom (knt, kilo nucleotides). Date: 10 July 2019. Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01490/full. Author: Tomoaki Ogino and Todd J. Green.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Evolutionary history of translational machinery found in giant viruses inferred by COUNT and abundance of ankyrin repeat-domain genes. The size of the black circles mapped on a cladogram of members of the Mimiviridae represents the number of gene families involved in translation at each node or tip. Blue circles indicate the number of ankyrin repeat-domain encoding genes found in each genome. Gene gain and loss events are depicted along the branches. MVc: Megavirus chilensis, AMoV: Acanthamoeba polyphaga Moumouvirus, ApMV: Acanthamoeba polyphage Mimivirus, CatV: Catovirus, BsV: Bodo saltans virus, HokV: Hokovirus, KloV: Klosneuvirus (KlosnV), IndV: Indivirus, CroV: Cafeteria roenbergensis virus, OLV1: Organic Lake Phycodnavirus 1, OLV2: Organic Lake Phycodnavirus 2, CeV: Chrysochromulina Ericina Virus, PgV: Phaeocystis globosa virus PgV-16T, AaV: Aureococcus anophagefferens virus. Date: 27 March 2018. Source: https://elifesciences.org/articles/33014/figures at https://elifesciences.org/articles/33014 The kinetoplastid-infecting Bodo saltans virus (BsV), a window into the most abundant giant viruses in the sea. In: eLife 2018;7:e33014 doi:10.7554/eLife.33014 . Author: Christoph M. Deeg, Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow, Curtis A. Suttle. Other versions: .

Summary[edit] Description: Deutsch: Schemazeichnung eines typischen Virions der Familie Phycodnaviridae (Querschnitt und Seitenansicht) English: Schematic drawing of a Phycodnaviridae virion (cross section and side view). Date: 2010. Source: https://viralzone.expasy.org/resources/Phycodnaviridae%5Fvirion.jpg. Author: ViralZone, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics: Phaeovirus. Permission(Reusing this file): : This work is free and may be used by anyone for any purpose. If you wish to use this content, you do not need to request permission as long as you follow any licensing requirements mentioned on this page. The Wikimedia Foundation has received an e-mail confirming that the copyright holder has approved publication under the terms mentioned on this page. This correspondence has been reviewed by an Volunteer Response Team (VRT) member and stored in our permission archive. The correspondence is available to trusted volunteers as ticket #2021020910004221. If you have questions about the archived correspondence, please use the OTRS noticeboard. Ticket link: https://ticket.wikimedia.org/otrs/index.pl?Action=AgentTicketZoom&TicketNumber=2021020910004221.

Description: The band recovery apparatus is one of a family of new instruments and equipment developed to attack the problems of concentrating, detecting and recovering virus particles in a high state of purity. Date: circa 1966 date QS:P,+1966-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1480,Q5727902. Source: HD.17.092. Author: ENERGY.GOV.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Electron micrograph of a Varicella (Chickenpox) Virus. Varicella or Chickenpox, is an infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which results in a blister-like rash, itching, tiredness and fever. ไทย: ไวรัสวาริเซลลา. ไวรัสอีสุกอีใส. Euskara: Barizelaren mikrografia. Deutsch: Varicella-zoster-Virus (VZV). Hühnerpockenvirus. Varicella-zoster-Virus (VZV). Elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahme des Varizella-Zoster-Virus (VZV). Varizella-Zoster-Virus im TEM. Hoaxivirus A. Humanes Beispielvirus. Humanes Beispielvirus. Hoaxivirus A. Français : Photographie au microscope électronique à transmission d'un virus de la varicelle. La varicelle est une maladie infectieuse casée par le virus varicelle-zona (VZV). Slovenščina: Virus noric. Latina: virus varicellae zoster. Runa Simi: Hawaqlla muru unquy añaw (Varicella-Zoster nisqa), iliktrun mikruskupu nisqawan qhawasqa. Date: 1982. Source: : This media comes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Image Library (PHIL), with identification number #1878. Note: Not all PHIL images are public domain; be sure to check copyright status and credit authors and content providers. العربية | Deutsch | English | македонски | slovenščina | +/−. Author: Photo Credit: Content Providers(s): CDC/Dr. Erskine Palmer/B.G. Partin. Permission(Reusing this file): PD-USGov-HHS-CDC English: None - This image is in the public domain and thus free of any copyright restrictions. As a matter of courtesy we request that the content provider be credited and notified in any public or private usage of this image.

Summary[edit] Description: Herpes infection on ThinPrep Pap smear Pathological and histological images courtesy of Ed Uthman at flickr. Date: 20 November 2009, 16:39. Source: Herpes infection on ThinPrep Pap smear Uploaded by CFCF. Author: Ed Uthman from Houston, TX, USA.

Summary[edit] Description: Deutsch: Schemazeichnung eines Virions der Unterfamilie Alphairidovirinae, Familie Iridoviridae, Querschnitt ohne und mit Hülle, sowie Seitenansicht. Date: 2009. Source: https://viralzone.expasy.org/resources/Iridoviridae%5Fvirion.jpg at https://viralzone.expasy.org/7896. Author: ViralZone, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, see https://viralzone.expasy.org/ bottom right and Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by Ernsts.

This image contains digital watermarking or credits in the image itself. The usage of visible watermarks is discouraged. If a non-watermarked version of the image is available, please upload it under the same file name and then remove this template. Ensure that removed information is present in the image description page and replace this template with {{metadata from image}} or {{attribution metadata from licensed image}}. Caution: Before removing a watermark from a copyrighted image, please read the WMF's analysis of the legal ramifications of doing so, as well as Commons' proposed policy regarding watermarks. If the old version is still useful, for example if removing the watermark damages the image significantly, upload the new version under a different title so that both can be used. After uploading the non-watermarked version, replace this template with {{superseded|new filename|version without watermarks}}. Summary[edit] Description: English: Photo of Cucumber mosaic virus inclusion bodies in plant cells. Date: 3 August 2007. Source: USDA Forest Service, http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5265051. Author: Florida Division of Plant Industry Archive.

Summary[edit] Description: English: Electron micrograph of negatively stained NDiV virions. Date: 20 May 2013, 11:18:08. Source: http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1002215. Author: Phan Thi Nga, et al.

Summary[edit] Description: Warning in Spanish for West Nile Virus, Playa Vista, Los Angeles. March 2008. Text of sign translated to English: West Nile Virus Confirmed In or Near This Area. This disease is transmitted to humans and horses from bites by infected mosquitoes. Follow These Precautions: - Avoid activities in this area during dawn or dusk, when mosquitoes are most active. - Apply mosquito repellent containing DEET when outdoors. Follow the instructions to apply repellent. - Wear protective clothing (loose clothing, light colors, long sleeves, and long pants.) - Protect your home with mosquito net fabric around all windows and doors. - Eliminate stagnant water around your property. Date: March 2008. Source: Own work. Author: Polylerus.