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Charlock Mustard

Sinapis arvensis L.

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Comments

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‘Charlock or wild mustard’ is often found as weed near cultivation, especially in the North and Western areas of W. Pakistan. It is a very variable species and do not cross with any Brassica species. Its green leaves and fruits are edible; fatty oil, obtained from seeds, is used in soap making and also used for food after hydrogenation.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
editor
S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
project
eFloras.org
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Description

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Annual, 20-60 cm tall, erect, branched, usually hispid with spreading simple hairs. Lower leaves usually lyrate-pinnate, stalked, 1-3-jugate, up to 20 cm long, ± hispid; terminal lobe large, ovate, coarsely toothed; upper leaves oblong¬obovate or lanceolate, acute, dentate. Racemes 20-40 (-60)-flowered, corymbose, up to 30 cm long in fruit. Flowers c. 10 mm across, yellow; pedicel 3-5 mm long, hardly increasing but thickened in fruit, ± spreading or ascending. Sepals 4-6 (-7) mm long, 1-1.5 (-2) mm broad, yellowish, subspreading, usually glabrous. Petals 7-12 mm long, 3.5-5 mm broad, obovate, clawed. Stamens 4-5 : 6-7 mm long. Siliquae 25-45 mm long, 2.5-4 mm broad (including beak about 1/3 of the entire length of fruit, and 1-2-seeded), subcylindrical, torulose spreading, often glabrous ; valves 3-5-parallel veined; septum submembranous; seeds 3-7 in each locule (rarely more), c. 1.5 mm in diam., brown to almost black, finely alveolate.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
editor
S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Description

provided by eFloras
Herbs (5-)20-100(-210) cm, retrorsely or spreading hirsute or hispid, rarely glabrous. Stems erect, often branched above. Petiole of basal and lower cauline leaves 1-4(-7) cm; leaf blade oblong, ovate, or lanceolate in outline, lyrate, pinnatifid, or undivided and dentate, (3-)4-18(-25) × 1.5-5(-7) cm; terminal lobe broadly ovate, obovate, to elliptic, margin dentate; lateral lobes 1-4 on each side of midvein, oblong, ovate, or lanceolate, smaller than terminal one, margin dentate. Upper cauline leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade ovate or lanceolate, often undivided, margin dentate or subentire, apex acute. Fruiting pedicels ascending or suberect, stout, (2-)3-7(-15) mm. Sepals yellow or green, narrowly oblong, (4.5-)5-6(-7) × 1-1.8 mm, spreading or reflexed. Petals bright or pale yellow, obovate, (0.8-)0.9-1.2(-1.7) cm × (3-)4-6(-7.5) mm. Filaments (3-)4-6 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2-1.5 mm. Fruit linear, (1.5-)2-4.5(-5.7) cm × (1.5-)2.5-3.5(-4) mm; valvular segment (0.6-)1.2-3.5(-4.3) cm, (2-)4-8(-12)-seeded in each locule, 3-5(-7)-veined, torulose, terete, glabrous or pubescent with 1 kind of trichome; terminal segment conical or subulate, terete, (0.7-)1-1.6 cm, straight or curved upward, seedless or 1- or 2-seeded. Seeds blackish to dark brown, globose, (1-)1.5-2 mm in diam., finely reticulate. Fl. and fr. May-Sep. 2n = 18*.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 8: 23 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Distribution: Europe, N. Africa, S.W. Asia; widely introduced elsewhere. Centre of origin: Mediterranean region.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
editor
S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; N Africa, SW Asia, Europe; naturalized elsewhere].
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 8: 23 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Flower/Fruit

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Fl. Per.: April-June.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
editor
S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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eFloras

Habitat

provided by eFloras
Roadsides, waste places, fields, pastures; 400-1800 m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 8: 23 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Brassica arvensis (Linnaeus) Rabenhorst; B. kaber (de Candolle) L. C. Wheeler; B. sinapistrum Boissier; B. xinjiangensis Y. C. Lan & T. Y. Cheo; Sinapis kaber de Candolle.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 8: 23 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Sinapis arvensis ( Asturian )

provided by wikipedia AST

Sinapis arvensis ye una planta de la familia Brassicaceae, conocíu popularmente como xébanu, nabu bravu, nabu montés o nabiza. Ye nativa d'Europa pero naturalizóse en Norteamérica.

"
Ilustración
"
Vista de la planta nel so hábitat
"
Detalle de la fueya

Carauterístiques

Ye una planta caduca qu'algama un metro d'altor. Los tarmos son erectos con vellosidá cerca de la base. Les fueyes de la base son pinnaes o dentaes. Tienen un curtiu peciolu o son sésiles. La inflorescencia ye un recímanu de pequeñes flores marielles de cuatro pétalos. El frutu ye una silicua de 3-5 cm de llargor, estrapáu y cuadrangular.

Son l'alimentu de delles gates d'especies de Lepidoptera, tales como (Pieris rapae).

Propiedaes

  • Les granes pueden utilizase como les de la mostaza blanca.
  • Tien efeutos irritantes sobre la piel y provoca una vasodilatación de los capilares cutaneos qu'ayuda a combatir reumatismos, neuritis y dolores articulares.
  • Contién sinapina, qu'exerz un efeutu antibióticu sobre les bacteria Gram negativas.
  • L'escesu del so usu esternu puede causar angüeñas ya inclusive necrosis.
  • La mostaza ye tóxica en dosis elevaes, polo que s'encamienta un usu moderáu.

Taxonomía

Sinapis arvensis describióse por Carlos Linneo y espublizóse en Species Plantarum 2: 668. 1753. [1]

sinonimia
  • Brassica arvensis (L.) Rabenh.
  • Brassica arvensis var. orientalis (L.) Farw.
  • Brassica arvensis var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Thell.
  • Brassica barbareifolia Ball
  • Brassica kaber (DC.) Wheeler
  • Brassica kaber var. orientalis (L.) Scoggan
  • Brassica kaber var. pinnatifida (Stokes) L.C.Wheeler
  • Brassica kaber var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) L.C.Wheeler
  • Brassica kaber var. stricta (Celak.) Shinners
  • Brassica sinapis Vis.
  • Brassica sinapistrum Boiss.
  • Brassica sinapistrum var. orientalis Samp.
  • Brassica sinapistrum var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Samp.
  • Brassica xinjiangensis Y.C.Lan & T.Y.Cheo
  • Crucifera sinapistra Y.H.L.Krause
  • Napus agriasinapis K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.
  • Raphanus arvensis (L.) Crantz
  • Raphanus orientalis (L.) Crantz
  • Rhamphospermum arvense (L.) Andrz. ex Besser
  • Rhamphospermum orientale Andrz.
  • Sinapis arvensis var. nilotica O.Y. Schulz
  • Sinapis arvensis var. pinnatifida Stokes
  • Sinapis kaber DC.
  • Sinapis orientalis L.
  • Sinapis retrohirsuta Besser ex Steud.
  • Sinapis schkuhriana Rchb.
  • Sinapis schlosseri Heuff. ex Nyman
  • Sinapis torosa Gilib.[2]

Ver tamién

Referencies

  1. ↑ «Sinapis arvensis». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultáu'l 27 de setiembre de 2013.
  2. ↑ Sinapis arvensis en PlantList

Bibliografía

  1. Environmental Library of the US Army Corps Engineers
  2. AFPD. 2008. African Flowering Plants Database - Base de Donnees des Plantes a Fleurs D'Afrique.
  3. Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2013. Saururaceae a Zygophyllaceae. 2(3): ined. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer.. Universidá Nacional Autónoma de Méxicu, Méxicu.
  4. Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2001. Flora of China (Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae). 8: 1–506. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  5. Flora of North America Editorial Committee, y. 2010. Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae. Fl. N. Amer. 7: i–xxii, 1–797.
  6. Forzza, R. C. 2010. Llista de espécies Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.
  7. Funk, V. A., P. Y. Berry, S. Alexander, T. H. Hollowell & C. L. Kelloff. 2007. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazones, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. O.S. Natl. Herb. 55: 1–584. View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  8. Holmgren, N. H., P. K. Holmgren & A.J. Cronquist. 2005. Vascular plants of the intermountain west, U.S.A., subclass Dilleniidae. 2(B): 1–488. In A.J. Cronquist, A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, J. L. Reveal & P. K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermount. Fl.. Hafner Pub. Co., New York.
  9. Nasir, Y. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Fl. Pakistan Univ. of Karachi, Karachi.
  10. Warwick, S. I., A. Francis & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 249–258.
  11. Zuloaga, F. O., O. N. Morrone, M. J. Belgrano, C. Marticorena & Y. Marchesi. (eds.) 2008. Catálogu de les plantes vasculares del Conu Sur. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 107: 3 Vols., 3348 p.

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Sinapis arvensis: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

provided by wikipedia AST
Sinapis arvensis

Sinapis arvensis ye una planta de la familia Brassicaceae, conocíu popularmente como xébanu, nabu bravu, nabu montés o nabiza. Ye nativa d'Europa pero naturalizóse en Norteamérica.

" Ilustración " Vista de la planta nel so hábitat " Detalle de la fueya
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