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Slo.: črneča velezračenka - Habitat: Light, mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Quercus sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Corylus avellana; nearly flat terrain, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly rain protected by trees canopies, mostly in shade, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.575feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: a large stump and roots of a cut down tree in its final stage of disintegration; tree species undistinguishable; most probably Fagus sylvatica, but possibly also Quercus sp. (several trees growing in the vicinity). Place: Bovec basin, Humčič hill, East Julian Alps, Posočje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary (probably a single mycelium), however in three groups of pilei on the same tree; they were about 1 m (3 feet) apart, the largest group about 40 cm (16 inch) in diameter; taste strong, mushroomy, unpleasant; smell slightly unpleasant, indistinctive; flesh strongly fibrous; SP whitish; pore surface bruising when handled, first ochre, then brown, then blackish, but not fast, the process takes several ten minutes. Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5.7 (SD= 0.3) x 4.8 (SD= 0.2) μ, Q= 1.2 (SD= 0.06), n= 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water.AmScope MA500 digital camera. File names: from Meripilus-giganteus_raw_1.xxx to Meripilus-giganteus_raw_9.xxx. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF Ref.: (1) S.Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 505. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 301. (3) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 547. (4) M.Bon, Parey'sBuch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 314. (5) R.Lueder, GrundkursPilzbestimmung, Quelle& Meyer (2008), p 338. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1065.
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Slo.: satjasti lukniar - Syn.: Polyporus mori, Hexagonia mori - Habitat: Hardwood forest with a few scattered Picea abies, S oriented hill slope, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, in shade, humid and relatively warm place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 490 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: still hanging dead stalk of Clematis vitalba, about 12 - 14 mm (0.5 inch) in diameter and 30 cm (one foot) above ground. - Comments: Unusual substratum - dead Clematis vitalba. None of sources checked mentions Clematis as a possible substratum; fairly aged fruitbody; growing solitary, pileus diameter 28 mm (1.2 inch) yellow-beige (oac855), pores concolorous with the cap, stipe 4 mm in diameter about 5 mm (0.2 inch) long, slightly lighter than cap, no black color on it. SP faint whitish. - Spore dimensions: 10.8 (SD = 0.7) x (SD = 3.7) micr., Q = 2.96 (SD = 0.22), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Congo red. -Ref.: (1) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 455. (2) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 602.
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Slo.: brezlina kostenelka - syn.: Polyporus amorphus Fr. - Habitat: mixed wood, Picea abies, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees, moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; colluvial, calcareous, skeletal ground; relatively dry and warm place; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 625 m (2.050 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: cutoff, partly debarked trunk of Picea abies lying on ground; on bark, on debarked wood and on laterally cut wood. - Comments: Growing on bark, on debarked wood, in between and on laterally cut wood in many fruit bodies, which were in resupinate, effuse-reflexed and pileate form; the resupinate form up to 12 x 6 cm in size, pilei confluent and up to 25 x 6(10) mm large; context duplex with a gelatinous layer above (very thin) tube layer and white cottony upper layer, all layers together 1.5 - 2.5 mm thick; fruitbodies soft, pliant when fresh and hard when dry; smell pleasant, mushroomy, slightly aromatic like perfumed soap, taste indistinctive (tasting on Picea bark); 5% KOH reaction on pore layer distinctly red, on pilei upper surface less pronounced, muddy orange-brown; SP very faint, probably whitish. - Comparing pictures in the literature and internet (pore layer color?), the find could also be similar and closely related Skeletocutis carneogrisea. However, the latter has somewhat smaller spores, is almost always resupinated (doesn't form pilei) and red KOH reaction is not reported (Ref.: 1). Since other traits fit well to literature I decided for Skeletocutis amorpha. - Spores smooth, allantoid. Dimensions: 3.8 [4.2 ; 4.4] 4.9 x 1.2 [1.4 ; 1.5] 1.7 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 4.3 x 1.5 microns; Qe = 3. Generative hypha with clamps. Basidia dimensions: 12 [14 ; 15.5] 17.5 x 3.7 [4.3 ; 4.7] 5.3 microns; Q = 2.5 [3.1 ; 3.5] 4; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 14.8 x 4.5 microns; Qe = 3.3. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores, basidia); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (hypha), in water, Congo red. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, Part 2., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1994), p 621. (2) A. Bernicchia, S.P. Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), p 502. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 577. (4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 290. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 506. Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8
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Slo.: severnjaka poroznica - Habitat: Mixed forest, dominant Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies, slightly south oriented slope, calcareous bedrock, in shade, relatively warm place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevations 960 m (3,150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: quite fresh, still in bark, Picea abies stump. - Comments: Growing solitary, many young fruitbodies measuring up to 7 cm (2,5 inch) by 4 cm (1,5 inch), SP white with very minute ocher tint. Smell indistinctive. Spore dimensions: 6,0 (SD = 0,4) x 4,4 (SD = 0,4) micr., Q = 1,47 (SD = 0,11), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Found during 2010 amateur mycological meeting, in Bovec. - Ref.: (1) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 182 (2) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~5780.asp . (3) http://www.grzyby.pl/gatunki/Climacocystis_borealis.htm . (4) Personal communication. Determined by Mr. Anton Poler.
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Slo.: obrobljena kresilka - Habitat: Mixed wood in a narrow humid gorge, next to mountain stream Slatenek, mostly shadow, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 560 m (1.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead, still standing deciduous tree trunk already without branches (not conifer!), in a small group, from 0.5 m (2 feet) to 2.5 m (8 feet) above ground. Comment: Books say this fungus grows mostly on conifers.
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Tentative i.d.
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Slo.: etinasti luknjiar - syn.: Polyporus lepideus Fr. - Habitat: Young riparian forest, Picea abies and Salix eleagnos dominant trees, next to a river; flat terrain occasionally flooded during high water levels of the river, calcareous, young alluvial ground; in shade, humid ground and air; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 530 m (1.740 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen trunk of an old Salix eleagnos mostly not in direct contact with ground, still in bark, moss covered, in the late disintegration phase.Comments: According to its species name Polyporus ciliatus should have distinctly fringed edge of the pileus. However, this was barely so with this find. Apparently this trait is not very reliable. However, very small pores, barely seen by naked eye (6 pores/mm measured) and appearance in spring clearly distinct it from very similar Polyporus brumalis.About 50 pilei found on two places. Growing solitary and in groups, occasionally two fruitbodies confluent at the base of the stipe; pilei diameter from 35 to 70 mm, pore layer thin, up to 3 mm; stipe 3 - 5 cm long, 4 - 6 mm in diameter, equal and somewhat thicker at the base; pilei surprisingly sturdy, quite hard to cut and chew; smell mild, pleasant, mushroomy; taste distinct, mushroomy, somewhat unpleasant; SP abundant, whitish-light beige, oac851.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5,4 [6 ; 6,2] 6,8 x 1,8 [2,1 ; 2,2] 2,5 microns; Q = 2,4 [2,8 ; 2,9] 3,3; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 6,1 x 2,1 microns; Qe = 2,9. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora (2014), p 357. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 326. (3) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 460. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 510. (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 609.
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Slo.: smolena poloenka - Habitat: Alpine pasture; moderately incline mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous, stony, colluvial ground; shallow soil layer; full sun, dry and relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 625 m (2.050 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: at the base of dead stump of a stand alone, cut down, mostly decorticated Ostrya carpinifolia.Comments: According to keys of genus Ganoderma published in Ryvarden (2014) and Bernicchia (2005) this find fits well to Ganoderma resinaceum. It has distinctly stipitate pileus, continuous, partly shiny and reddish-brown (not dark brown and dull as with Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma australe) resinous crust, which first melts and then burns with a yellow flame when heated at the tip of a knife in the flame of a match and a darker line in context just above tube layer. However, some traits not mentioned in the keys pose problems. The context color doesn't seem to correspond well to the descriptions in Ryvarden (2014) and Krieglsteiner (2000) ('pale grayish-brown') and Bernicchia (2005) ('brown, red-brown'). The find was found on dead stump of Ostrya carpinifolia (host species not listed as a possible substrate in the literature available to me) while Ganoderma resinaceum is known from live deciduous trees. Measured spores are slightly too long and too wide in average compared to most published data (the only exception is Ref.: 4). Their width fits better to similar Ganoderma pfeifferi, which is apparently always sessile and never stipitate. Measured spore dimensions actually fit perfectly to Ganoderma carnosum, which is, however, know only from conifers. Also the habitat of the find seems strange. Ganoderma resinaceum is usually found in parks, roadsides, seldom in woods. All this makes my determination uncertain to some extent.Growing solitary; pileus dimensions 10 x 8 cm; oozing reddish droplets when cut, pore layer bruising brown when handled; trama fibrous-corky and very firm, difficult to cut even with a ceramic knife; taste bitter, smell distinctive, pleasant, a kind of mushroomy; SP faint, possibly brown. Spores brown, rough, thick (double) walled. Dimensions: 11.4 [12.2 ; 12.6] 13.5 x 6.9 [7.5 ; 7.8] 8.5 microns; Q = 1.4 [1.6 ; 1.7] 1.8; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 12.4 x 7.7 microns; Qe = 1.6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora A/S (2014), p 191. (2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 238. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 427. (4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 332. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 486.
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Slo.: hrastov blazinec - Habitat: Light mixed wood edge, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Ostrya carprinifolia, Fraxinus ornus, Corylus avellana dominant; modestly southeast inclined terrain; calcareous ground, overgrown old scree and rocks; relatively dry and warm place; mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 615 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: still standing dry branch of Corylus avellana still in bark and about 3.5 cm in diameter; sporocarp about 1 m (3 feet) above ground. - Comments: This quite rare Polyporaceae was growing solitary in a form of three 'pilei-like' clumps fused together, all three together measured 6 x 2.5 cm and were max 1 cm thick; flesh hard, brittle, fibrous; smell indistinctive; sporocarps photographed in still moist, apparently alive condition; SP none - I have no good luck regarding spores with this species. KOH 5% on trama chestnut brown, on pores surface weak darkening. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, Fungiflora, Vol.1. (1993), p 238. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 282. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 608. (4) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 315. (5) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 201. (6) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot, www.gobenabovskem.com
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Slo.: oranna pokrivaa - Habitat: Young mixed forest, former pasture, flat terrain, calcareous ground, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: dead but still standing branch of Tilia sp. - Comments: Very common species here around; growing effuse-reflex along a length of about 60 cm in several patches up to 4 cm wide; flesh thin (less than 0.5 mm), leathery; with several small downy pilei of a few mm width; SP abundant, white, oac900. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.2(SD= 0.4) x 3.4 (SD= 0.3) , Q= 2.15 (SD= 0.17), n= 30. Olympus CH20 NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 260. (2) A. Bernicchia, S.P. Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 192. (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 540. (4) I.V. Zmitrovich, W.A. Spirin, S.P. Wasser, Variability of Byssomerulius corium in the Mediterranean. Mycotaxon (2006). 97:83-90, cited by Mycobank
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Slo.: tribarvna zvitocevka - Habitat: Harwood forest, almost flat calcareous terrain, northeast oriented, humid place, in shade, partly protected from direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: fallen rotten thick branch of Corylus avellana. - Comments: Growing gregariously, fruitbody diameter up to 8 cm (3,2 inch), flesh hard. Dry and dead (?) fruitbodies. - Comments Some people consider Daedaleopsis tricolor (Bull.) Fr., Mycol. eur. (Erlanga) 3: 12 (1828) as a variety of: Daedaleopsis confragosa var. tricolor or simply Daedaleopsis confrangosa. To my experience D. tricolor and D. confragosa differ significantly in appearance. Growing gregariously, fruitbody diameter up to 8 cm (3,2 inch), flesh hard. Dry and dead (?) fruitbodies. - Ref.: (1) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 195.
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Habitat: At the side of a group of Pinus nigra trees, south oriented mountain slope, fairly sunny and relatively warm place, calcareous ground, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: Dead stump of a cut down deciduous tree (possibly Ostrya carpinifolia) mostly still in bark and partly covered with mosses, also heavily infected with Trametes versicolor (as effuse-reflexed to pileate form), however fungus spread also to pieces of fallen off bark, herbaceous plant roots and old leaf petioles (as a resupinated form). - Comments: Subglobose to ovate and significantly larger spores (see spore measurement chart), smaller diameter pseudocystidia, conical and longer than 1 mm aculei (see Ref.:(2)) distinguish this observation from more frequent Steccherinum ochraceum well. All forms from pure resupinated to distinctly pileate present. Caps of pileate form zonate, up to 14 mm wide and 12 mm off the substrate, often confluent up to 2 mm thick, context thin, upper side beige-pink with some brown strips and green (algae?), with thin whitish margin. Hymenium aculei up to 1.5 mm long, mostly conical, ocher-pink (oac764); hymenium in resupinated form with white edge. Smell indistinctive on soil and rottenness. SP whitish. Spores smooth, subglobose to ovate, dimensions: 4.4 (SD = 0.3) x 3.7 (SD = 0.2) micr., Q = 1.21 (SD = 0.07), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Pseudocystidia 5-7 micr. diameter. Measured spores and a comparison of spore dimensions of S. bourdotii and S. ochraceus. - S.bourdotii. Ref.: (1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 327. (2) A.Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 624. (3) http://aphyllopower.blogspot.com/2008/06/steccherinum-bourdotii-rundsporiger.html - S.ochraceum. (1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 327. (2) A.Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp628. (3) J.Breitenbach, F.Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984).
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Slo.: snenobeli sirovec - Habitat: Mixed light forest, former pasture, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana dominant; modestly inclined mountain slope, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, relatively dry and partly sunny place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 550 m (1.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: fallen dead branch of Betula pendula lying on ground. - Comments: Two sporocarps present; pileus about 2.5 - 3 cm wide; tube layer very thin compared to context; smell characteristic, pleasant, aromatic; flesh cheesy but tough when dry; SP none, spores taken directly from pore surface using a soft, moist brush. Spores apparently do not fit to expectations well. They seem to be too wide, but characteristic smell and typical hypha with short side branching (Ref.:(1)) make the determination almost certain. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 4.5 (SD = 0.3) x 2.2 (SD = 0.2) , Q= 2.0 (SD = 0.18), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water.AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot. Leg.: Bojan Rot, Det.: Mr.Branko Vrhovec. (2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 550.(3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 595. (4) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 2., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1994), p 686. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 497.(6) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 312. (7) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 599.
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Slo.: gomoljavi luknicar - Habitat: Mixed hard-woodland, nearly flat ground, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), rain protected by trees canopies, shade, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, altitude 450 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: fallen heavily rotten branch of Fraxinus excelsior, on ground. Determination not certain, based on field characters only. Ref.: A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l. in Italia, Bologna Uni. (1990), p476
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Slo.: jesenov večnoluknjičar - Habitat: A small opening in a fragment of an old Fagus sylvatica alpine forest, nearly full sun, fully exposed to direct rain, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.300 m (4.300 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: A large and old, partly rotten, still standing Fagus sylvatica trunk, covered by mosses and Lobaria pulmonaria. - Comment: Determination highly uncertain. Could eventually be also Heterobasidion annosum? See discussion on MushroomObserver, observation no. 44717. Many fruit bodies present, all around the trunk, many of them dead and black, spread from its base to up to 1.5 m (5 feet) above ground. - Ref.: (1) A. Poler, Ed., Seznam Gliv Slovenie (in Slovene) (Check list of mushrooms of Slovenia), Assoc. of Mycological Societies of Slovenia (1998), p 56. (2) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei 10, Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 376. - Comment #2: Second observation: June 7. 2010. - Spore dimensions: 6.0 (SD=0.7) x 3.3 (SD=0.3) micr., Q = 1.8 (SD=0.18), n=30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - I visited the place again and took samples to get spores. Spores and their dimensions as well as dimensions from literature (Ref.: (2), Bernicchia) are shown on (pictures) Figs. xxx and xxx. Unfortunately, measured spores don't fit neither to Perenniporia fraxinea nor to any Ganoderma in Refs.: (1) and (2) (G. lucidum and G. resinaceum not taken into account due to too different habitus). It is possible that I didn't measure mature spores or spores of something else??
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Slo.: jesenov večnoluknjičar - Habitat: A small opening in a fragment of an old Fagus sylvatica alpine forest, nearly full sun, fully exposed to direct rain, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.300 m (4.300 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: A large and old, partly rotten, still standing Fagus sylvatica trunk, covered by mosses and Lobaria pulmonaria. - Comment: Determination highly uncertain. Could eventually be also Heterobasidion annosum? See discussion on MushroomObserver, observation no. 44717. Many fruit bodies present, all around the trunk, many of them dead and black, spread from its base to up to 1.5 m (5 feet) above ground. - Ref.: (1) A. Poler, Ed., Seznam Gliv Slovenie (in Slovene) (Check list of mushrooms of Slovenia), Assoc. of Mycological Societies of Slovenia (1998), p 56. (2) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei 10, Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 376. - Comment #2: Second observation: June 7. 2010. - Spore dimensions: 6.0 (SD=0.7) x 3.3 (SD=0.3) micr., Q = 1.8 (SD=0.18), n=30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - I visited the place again and took samples to get spores. Spores and their dimensions as well as dimensions from literature (Ref.: (2), Bernicchia) are shown on the pictures. Unfortunately, measured spores don't fit neither to Perenniporia fraxinea nor to any Ganoderma in Refs.: (1) and (2) (G. lucidum and G. resinaceum not taken into account due to too different habitus). It is possible that I didn't measure mature spores or spores of something else??
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Habitat: mixed, predominantly valuable broad-leaved tree species woodland, nearly flat ground, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), rain protected by trees canopies, shade, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, altitude 445 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: fallen old deciduous tree, partly debarked, covered with mosses
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Slo.: jelkin sivolukniar - syn.: Diplomitoporus lindbladii (Berk.) Gilb. & Ryv., Polyporus lindbladii Berk., Poria cinerasceus Sacc. & Syd., Antrodia lindbladii (Berk.) Ryv. - Habitat: mixed wood, close to a river, at the foot of steep mountain; northwest aspect; calcareous, colluvial ground; in shade, high air humidity; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 570 m (1.870 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: Rotten, Picea abies pole (formerly a part of wooden fence around a small pasture) lying on a large Picea abies stump; underside of the pole (resupinate form) and the gap between the pole and Picea abies stump (cottony-fibrous form).Comments: Growing in two forms, resupinate, poroid (underside of the pole hanging in the air) and cottony-fibrous (in-between the pole and the tree stump); dimensions of the resupinate part about 3.5 x 25 cm, dimension of cottony part 10 x 40 cm; pore layer up to 5 mm thick; about 3 pores/mm; subiculum very thin, almost none, less than 0.5 mm thick; sporocarps quite firm (photographed in half frozen state - air temperature was below zero C), hard when dry; pore surface of old and dry sporocarps gray with an interesting shimmer when looked at changing angle like a kind of interference pattern (German name of the species!); smell none (low temperatures? should be unpleasant according to literature); taste mild but distinctive, on resin, chemicals? 5% KOH reaction on pore surface mild, pale ocher-yellow; SP faint, oac color could not be determined. Accidentally small creatures living in the fungus were observed (Figs. ). Does anybody know what could they be?Spores smooth, cylindrical-allantoid with (mostly) two oil drops. Dimensions: 5.5 [6 ; 6.2] 6.6 x 1.9 [2.2 ; 2.4] 2.7 microns; Q = 2.2 [2.6 ; 2.7] 3.1; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 6.1 x 2.3 microns; Qe = 2.6. Basidia dimensions: 11.2 [13.7 ; 17.2] 19.8 x 4.3 [4.5 ; 4.7] 4.9 microns; Q = 2.4 [3 ; 3.7] 4.3; N = 6; C = 95%; Me = 15.5 x 4.6 microns (according to Ryvarden (2014) 10-20 x 4.5-5.5 microns). Tramal hyphae thick walled, not septated, generative hyphae with clamps not seen. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (hyphae, hymenium, others), in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 280. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 515. (3) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 1., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1993), p 246. (4) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 206. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 498. (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 329.(7) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora (2014), p 152. (8) http://aphyllopower.blogspot.si/2006/10/diplomitoporus-lindbladii-grauender.html
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Slo.: belkasti rapovec - Habitat: alpine valley, an opening in mixed forest with predominantly Fagus sylvatica followed by Picea abies; modestly inclined southeast oriented mountain slope, overgrown calcareous ground composed of scree, rocks and boulders; mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 560 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: cut down trunk of Fagus sylvatica lying on ground, in its late initial phase of disintegration; the trunk was massively infected also with Trametes hirsutum. - Comments: fruit body mostly resupinated but also effused-reflexed; very large, about 1.5 m x 20 cm, about 2-3 mm thick, context thinner than pore layer; small 'pilei' up to 8(12) mm off the substrate; hymenophore with initially distinctly irregular angular, almost labyrinthine pores soon becomes irpiciform to hydnoid (compare Figs. 8. and 10.); smell indistinctive, taste initially indistinctive, after some time slightly unpleasant; 5% KOH reaction on context and pore layer mild, color changed to somewhat darker ocher-beige; SP abundant, white-yellowish with a slight green tint, oac014. No hypha clamps have been observed. All observed traits fit well to expectations for Irpex lacteus except cystidia. The fact that I haven't found conspicuously encrusted cystidia puzzles me. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5.1 [5.9 ; 6.2] 7.1 x 2.5 [2.8 ; 2.9] 3.2 microns, Q = 1.9 [2.1 ; 2.2] 2.4; N = 47; C = 95%; Me = 6.1 x 2.8 microns; Qe = 2.2. Basidia dimensions approximately 20 x 4.5 microns.Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water (spores) and NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x, in water, congo red (hymenium, cystidia). AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojam Rot, www.gobenabovskem.com (2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 296. (3) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, Fungiflora, Vol.1. (1993), p 352. 4) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 329. (5) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 176. (6) http://www.messiah.edu/Oakes//fungi_on_wood/poroid%20fungi/species%20pages/Irpex%20lacteus.htm
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Slo.: osmojena bjerkandera - syn.: Boletus crispus Pers. - Habitat: alpine valley, river bank, locally almost flat terrain, calcareous ground, river bank vegetation mostly consisting of Salix eleagnos, Picea abies and some Fagus sylvatica; humid air and ground, partly sunny, exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 525 m (1.720 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: dead wood, a stump of cut down Salix eleagnos in its late initial phase of disintegration. - Comments: There exist two species of the genus Bjerkandera growing in Europe and also in Slovenia: Bjerkandera adusta and Bjerkandera fumosa. Both have very variable and irregular habitus and can be found pileate, effuse reflexed and also totally resupinate. Bjerkandera adusta is more common and can be distinguished from Bjerkandera fumosa by its very, very small more or less angular pores (5-7/mm), darker gray pore surface with pale margin and smaller spores. But distinguishing is not always easy. Bjerkandera adusta can be found during the whole year but it sporulates only at temperatures below 10 deg C (Ref.:4). So, one can hope to get spore print only during colder seasons of my country. Generally in the literature the pilei are described as azonate or only weakly zonate, however when they are very young this apparently doesn't hold (see Fig.4). - Growing in imbricate groups of several fruit bodies; pilei 1.2 - 2.8 cm across, trama pale brown, corky-fibrous (cannot be chewed over but can be nicely cut with a razor), up to 4.5 mm thick, pore layer dark-grey and distinctly darker then trama, about 1 mm thick; stipe absent; taste mild, slightly unpleasant but not bitter; smell on sour earth similar to Trametes versicolor; SP faint, whitish. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 4.1 [4.5 ; 4.7] 5.1 x 2.6 [2.9 ; 3] 3.4 microns; Q = 1.3 [1.5 ; 1.6] 1.8; N = 37; C = 95%; Me = 4.6 x 3 microns; Qe = 1.6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, live material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 268. (2) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 316. (3) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 1., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1993), p 168. (4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 486. (5) A. Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceaes.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), p 139.